--- title: 2 Samuel 3:39 — And I am this day weak, and just anointed king; and these men the so… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I am this day weak, and just anointed king; and these men the sons of Zeruiah are too hard for me; the LORD reward the evildoer according to his wickedness.' Who acts: I, men, LORD. 2 Samuel 3:39 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.39/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/) / 3:39 # 2 Samuel 3:39 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** I, men, LORD · **What happens:** be, anoint, reward, accord · **To what, where:** king, evildoer This is 2 Samuel 3:39 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, men, LORD — and what happens in the verse to king, evildoer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאָנֹכִ֨י הַיּ֥וֹם רַךְ֙ וּמָשׁ֣וּחַ מֶ֔לֶךְ וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים הָאֵ֛לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י צְרוּיָ֖ה קָשִׁ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נִּי יְשַׁלֵּ֧ם יְהוָ֛ה לְעֹשֵׂ֥ה הָרָעָ֖ה כְּרָעָתֽוֹ׃פ [And I am this day weak, and just anointed king; and these men the sons of Zeruiah are too hard for me; the LORD reward the evildoer according to his wickedness.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.111/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:97 # text = וְאָנֹכִ֨י הַיּ֥וֹם רַךְ֙ וּמָשׁ֣וּחַ מֶ֔לֶךְ וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים הָאֵ֛לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י צְרוּיָ֖ה קָשִׁ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נִּי יְשַׁלֵּ֧ם יְהוָ֛ה לְעֹשֵׂ֥ה הָרָעָ֖ה כְּרָעָתֽוֹ׃פ # verse = 2SA.3.39 1-2 וְאָנֹכִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:39!1|MId=o100030390011|Strong=2050b 2 אָנֹכִ֨י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_3:39!1|MId=o100030390012|Strong=0595|Type=personal 3-4 הַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2SA_3:39!2|MId=o100030390021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_3:39!2|MId=o100030390022|Strong=3117 5 רַךְ֙ רַךְ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[am].weak|Ref=2SA_3:39!3|MId=o100030390031|Strong=7390|Type=adjective 6-7 וּמָשׁ֣וּחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:39!4|MId=o100030390041|Strong=2050b 7 מָשׁ֣וּחַ מָשַׁח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=[I.am].anointed|Ref=2SA_3:39!4|MId=o100030390042|Strong=4886|Frame=A1:100030390051;|Type=participle_passive 8 מֶ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_3:39!5|MId=o100030390051|Strong=4428 9-11 וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:39!6|MId=o100030390061|Strong=2050b 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_3:39!6|MId=o100030390062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אֲנָשִׁ֥ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=2SA_3:39!6|MId=o100030390063|Strong=0376 12-13 הָאֵ֛לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_3:39!7|MId=o100030390071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 11 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=2SA_3:39!7|MId=o100030390072|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 14 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 appos _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=2SA_3:39!8|MId=o100030390081|Strong=1121 15 צְרוּיָ֖ה צְרוּיָה PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zeruiah|Ref=2SA_3:39!9|MId=o100030390091|Strong=6870 16 קָשִׁ֣ים קָשֶׁה ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=[are.too].hard|Ref=2SA_3:39!10|MId=o100030390101|Strong=7186|Type=adjective 17-18 מִמֶּ֑נִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2SA_3:39!11|MId=o100030390111|Strong=4480 18 ֶ֑נִּי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_3:39!11|MId=o100030390112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19 יְשַׁלֵּ֧ם שָׁלֵם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=may.he.repay|Ref=2SA_3:39!12|MId=o100030390121|Strong=7999|Frame=A0:100030390131;|Type=jussive 20 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_3:39!13|MId=o100030390131|Strong=3068 21-22 לְעֹשֵׂ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_3:39!14|MId=o100030390141|Strong=3807a 22 עֹשֵׂ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 19 advcl _ Gloss=the.[one.who].does|Ref=2SA_3:39!14|MId=o100030390142|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:100030390152;|Type=participle_active 23-24 הָרָעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=(of).the|Ref=2SA_3:39!15|MId=o100030390151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 רָעָ֖ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=evil|Ref=2SA_3:39!15|MId=o100030390152|Strong=7451b 25-27 כְּרָעָתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=2SA_3:39!16|MId=o100030390161|Strong=3509a 26 רָעָת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_3:39!16|MId=o100030390162|Strong=7451b 27 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.evil|Ref=2SA_3:39!16|MId=o100030390163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=2SA_3:39!16|SpaceAfter=No 29 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=2SA_3:39!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָשׁוּחַ *\[I am\] anointed* | participle passive · qal | | מֶלֶךְ *king* | | | | יְשַׁלֵּם *may he repay* | jussive · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | עֹשֵׂה *the \[one who\] does* | participle active · qal | | רָעָה *evil* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲנָא יוֹמָא דֵין הֶדְיוֹט וּמְרַבֵּי לְמַלְכָּא וְגַבְרַיָא הָאִלֵין בְּנֵי צְרוּיָה קָשָׁן מִנִי יְשַׁלֵם יְיָ לְעַבְדֵי בִּישְׁתָא כְּבִישְׁתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I am this day weak, and just anointed king; and these men the sons of Zeruiah are too hard for me; the LORD reward the evildoer according to his wickedness.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.111/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:97`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 3:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.38/) - next →: [2 Samuel 4:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.4.1/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/)