--- title: 2 Samuel 8:14 — And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David. And the LORD gave victory to David whithersoever he went. Who acts: David, Edomites, LORD. 2 Samuel 8:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.8.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/8/) / 8:14 # 2 Samuel 8:14 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, Edomites, LORD · **What happens:** put, become, give, go · **To what, where:** garrisons, Edom, servants, victory, David This is 2 Samuel 8:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Edomites, LORD — and what happens in the verse to garrisons, Edom, servants, victory, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֨שֶׂם בֶּאֱד֜וֹם נְצִבִ֗ים בְּכָל־אֱדוֹם֙ שָׂ֣ם נְצִבִ֔ים וַיְהִ֥י כָל־אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑ד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃ [And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.223/) [And the LORD gave victory to David whithersoever he went.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.224/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:200 # text = וַיָּ֨שֶׂם בֶּאֱד֜וֹם נְצִבִ֗ים בְּכָל־אֱדוֹם֙ שָׂ֣ם נְצִבִ֔ים וַיְהִ֥י כָל־אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑ד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃ # verse = 2SA.8.14 1-2 וַיָּ֨שֶׂם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_8:14!1|MId=o100080140011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֨שֶׂם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.put|Ref=2SA_8:14!1|MId=o100080140012|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:100080130021;A1:100080140031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בֶּאֱד֜וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_8:14!2|MId=o100080140021|Strong=0871a 4 אֱד֜וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Edom|Ref=2SA_8:14!2|MId=o100080140022|Strong=0123 5 נְצִבִ֗ים נְצִיב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=garrisons|Ref=2SA_8:14!3|MId=o100080140031|Strong=5333 6-7 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_8:14!4|MId=o100080140041|Strong=0871a 7 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_8:14!4|MId=o100080140042|Strong=3605 8 אֱדוֹם֙ אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Edom|Ref=2SA_8:14!5|MId=o100080140051|Strong=0123 9 שָׂ֣ם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.put|Ref=2SA_8:14!6|MId=o100080140061|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:100080130021;A1:100080140071;|Type=qatal 10 נְצִבִ֔ים נְצִיב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=garrisons|Ref=2SA_8:14!7|MId=o100080140071|Strong=5333 11-12 וַיְהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_8:14!8|MId=o100080140081|Strong=2050b 12 יְהִ֥י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 cop _ Gloss=it.became|Ref=2SA_8:14!8|MId=o100080140082|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100080140101;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_8:14!9|MId=o100080140091|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14 אֱד֖וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Edom|Ref=2SA_8:14!10|MId=o100080140101|Strong=0123 15 עֲבָדִ֣ים עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=subjects|Ref=2SA_8:14!11|MId=o100080140111|Strong=5650 16-17 לְדָוִ֑ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_8:14!12|MId=o100080140121|Strong=3807a 17 דָוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 15 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_8:14!12|MId=o100080140122|Strong=1732 18-19 וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_8:14!13|MId=o100080140131|Strong=2050b 19 יּ֤וֹשַׁע יָשַׁע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.gave.victory|Ref=2SA_8:14!13|MId=o100080140132|Strong=3467|Frame=AA:100080140141;A0:100080140161;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_8:14!14|MId=o100080140141|Strong=3068 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_8:14!15|MId=o100080140151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 19 obj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_8:14!16|MId=o100080140161|Strong=1732 23-24 בְּכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_8:14!17|MId=o100080140171|Strong=0871a 24 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=2SA_8:14!17|MId=o100080140172|Strong=3605 25 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=where|Ref=2SA_8:14!18|MId=o100080140181|Strong=0834|Type=relative 26 הָלָֽךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2SA_8:14!19|MId=o100080140191|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:100080140161;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=2SA_8:14!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּשֶׂם *he put* | wayyiqtol · qal | | נְצִבִים *garrisons* | | | | שָׂם *he put* | qatal · qal | | נְצִבִים *garrisons* | | | | יְהִי *it became* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֱדוֹם *Edom* | | | | | יּוֹשַׁע *he gave victory* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | דָּוִד *David* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | הָלָֽךְ *he went* | qatal · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמַנֵי בֶאֱדוֹם אִסְטַרְטִיגִין בְּכָל אֱדוֹם מַנֵי אִסְטַרְטִיגִין וַהֲווֹ כָל אֱדוֹם עַבְדִין לְדָוִד וּפְרַק יְיָ יַת דָוִד בְכָל אֲתַר דִי הֲלִיךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.223/) 2. [And the LORD gave victory to David whithersoever he went.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.224/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:200`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 8:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.8.13/) - next →: [2 Samuel 8:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.8.15/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/8/)