--- title: Amos 1:1 — THE WORDS of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: THE WORDS of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake. Who acts: Amos, Tekoa. Amos 1:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.1.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/1/) / 1:1 # Amos 1:1 עָמוֹס **Who acts:** Amos, Tekoa · **What happens:** be, see, word · **To what, where:** WORDS, Amos This is Amos 1:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Amos, Tekoa — and what happens in the verse to WORDS, Amos, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. דִּבְרֵ֣י עָמ֔וֹס אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה בַנֹּקְדִ֖ים מִתְּק֑וֹעַ אֲשֶׁר֩ חָזָ֨ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בִּימֵ֣י ׀ עֻזִיָּ֣המֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה וּבִימֵ֞י יָרָבְעָ֤ם בֶּן־יוֹאָשׁ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁנָתַ֖יִם לִפְנֵ֥י הָרָֽעַשׁ׃ [THE WORDS of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.0/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:AMO:0 # text = דִּבְרֵ֣י עָמ֔וֹס אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה בַנֹּקְדִ֖ים מִתְּק֑וֹעַ אֲשֶׁר֩ חָזָ֨ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בִּימֵ֣י ׀ עֻזִיָּ֣המֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה וּבִימֵ֞י יָרָבְעָ֤ם בֶּן־יוֹאָשׁ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁנָתַ֖יִם לִפְנֵ֥י הָרָֽעַשׁ׃ # verse = AMO.1.1 1 דִּבְרֵ֣י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=the.words|Ref=AMO_1:1!1|MId=o300010010011|Strong=1697 2 עָמ֔וֹס עָמוֹס PROPN _ _ 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Amos|Ref=AMO_1:1!2|MId=o300010010021|Strong=5986 3 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=AMO_1:1!3|MId=o300010010031|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 4 הָיָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=AMO_1:1!4|MId=o300010010041|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:300010010021;|Type=qatal 5-7 בַנֹּקְדִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=AMO_1:1!5|MId=o300010010051|Strong=0871a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=AMO_1:1!5|MId=o300010010051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 נֹּקְדִ֖ים נֹקֵד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=sheep-tenders|Ref=AMO_1:1!5|MId=o300010010052|Strong=5349 8-9 מִתְּק֑וֹעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=AMO_1:1!6|MId=o300010010061|Strong=4480 9 תְּק֑וֹעַ תְּקוֹעַ PROPN _ _ 7 nmod _ Gloss=Tekoa|Ref=AMO_1:1!6|MId=o300010010062|Strong=8620 10 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=AMO_1:1!7|MId=o300010010071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 חָזָ֨ה חָזָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.saw|Ref=AMO_1:1!8|MId=o300010010081|Strong=2372|Frame=A0:300010010021;A1:300010010011;|Type=qatal 12 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=AMO_1:1!9|MId=o300010010091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 13 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=AMO_1:1!10|MId=o300010010101|Strong=3478 14-15 בִּימֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=AMO_1:1!11|MId=o300010010111|Strong=0871a 15 ימֵ֣י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=AMO_1:1!11|MId=o300010010112|Strong=3117 16 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=AMO_1:1!11 17-18 עֻזִיָּ֣המֶֽלֶךְ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 עֻזִיָּ֣ה עֻזִּיָּה PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Uzziah|Ref=AMO_1:1!12|MId=o300010010121|Strong=5818 18 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=AMO_1:1!13|MId=o300010010131|Strong=4428 19 יְהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=AMO_1:1!14|MId=o300010010141|Strong=3063 20-22 וּבִימֵ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=AMO_1:1!15|MId=o300010010151|Strong=2050b 21 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=AMO_1:1!15|MId=o300010010152|Strong=0871a 22 ימֵ֞י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=AMO_1:1!15|MId=o300010010153|Strong=3117 23 יָרָבְעָ֤ם יָרָבְעָם PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jeroboam|Ref=AMO_1:1!16|MId=o300010010161|Strong=3379 24 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=AMO_1:1!17|MId=o300010010171|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 25 יוֹאָשׁ֙ יוֹאָשׁ PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Joash|Ref=AMO_1:1!18|MId=o300010010181|Strong=3101 26 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=AMO_1:1!19|MId=o300010010191|Strong=4428 27 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=AMO_1:1!20|MId=o300010010201|Strong=3478 28 שְׁנָתַ֖יִם שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 11 obl _ Gloss=two.years|Ref=AMO_1:1!21|MId=o300010010211|Strong=8141 29-30 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=AMO_1:1!22|MId=o300010010221|Strong=3807a 30 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 28 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=AMO_1:1!22|MId=o300010010222|Strong=6440 31-32 הָרָֽעַשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=AMO_1:1!23|MId=o300010010231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 רָֽעַשׁ רַעַשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=earthquake|Ref=AMO_1:1!23|MId=o300010010232|Strong=7494 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=AMO_1:1!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *he was* | qatal · qal | עָמוֹס *of Amos* | | | | | חָזָה *he saw* | qatal · qal | עָמוֹס *of Amos* | דִּבְרֵי *the words* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} פִּתְגָמֵי עָמוֹס דַהֲוָה מָרֵי גִתִּין מִתְּקוֹעַ דְאִתְנַבֵּי עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּיוֹמֵי עֻזִיָה מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וּבְיוֹמֵי יָרָבְעָם בַּר יוֹאָשׁ מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל תַּרְתֵּין שְׁנִין קֳדָם מֵיתֵי זִיעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [THE WORDS of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.0/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:AMO:0`. - ← previous: [Joel 4:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.21/) - next →: [Amos 1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.1.2/) - ↑ back to [Amos 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/1/)