--- title: Amos 2:9 — Yet destroyed I the Amorite before them, whose height was like the h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yet destroyed I the Amorite before them, whose height was like the height of the cedars, and he was strong as the oaks; yet I destroyed his fruit from above, and his roots from beneath. Who acts: I, height, God. Amos 2:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/2/) / 2:9 # Amos 2:9 עָמוֹס **Who acts:** I, height, God · **What happens:** destroy, be · **To what, where:** Amorite, fruit This is Amos 2:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, height, God — and what happens in the verse to Amorite, fruit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאָ֨נֹכִ֜י הִשְׁמַ֤דְתִּי אֶת־הָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר כְּגֹ֤בַהּ אֲרָזִים֙ גָּבְה֔וֹ וְחָסֹ֥ן ה֖וּא כָּֽאַלּוֹנִ֑ים וָאַשְׁמִ֤יד פִּרְיוֹ֙ מִמַּ֔עַל וְשָׁרָשָׁ֖יו מִתָּֽחַת׃ [Yet destroyed I the Amorite before them, whose height was like the height of the cedars, and he was strong as the oaks; yet I destroyed his fruit from above, and his roots from beneath.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.23/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:AMO:23 # text = וְאָ֨נֹכִ֜י הִשְׁמַ֤דְתִּי אֶת־הָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר כְּגֹ֤בַהּ אֲרָזִים֙ גָּבְה֔וֹ וְחָסֹ֥ן ה֖וּא כָּֽאַלּוֹנִ֑ים וָאַשְׁמִ֤יד פִּרְיוֹ֙ מִמַּ֔עַל וְשָׁרָשָׁ֖יו מִתָּֽחַת׃ # verse = AMO.2.9 1-2 וְאָ֨נֹכִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=AMO_2:9!1|MId=o300020090011|Strong=2050b 2 אָ֨נֹכִ֜י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=AMO_2:9!1|MId=o300020090012|Strong=0595|Type=personal 3 הִשְׁמַ֤דְתִּי שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.destroyed|Ref=AMO_2:9!2|MId=o300020090021|Strong=8045|Frame=AA:300020090012;A0:300020090042;|Type=qatal 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=AMO_2:9!3|MId=o300020090031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=AMO_2:9!4|MId=o300020090041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אֱמֹרִי֙ אֱמֹרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=Amorite[s]|Ref=AMO_2:9!4|MId=o300020090042|Strong=0567|Type=gentilic 7-9 מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=AMO_2:9!5|MId=o300020090051|Strong=4480 8 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=AMO_2:9!5|MId=o300020090052|Strong=6440 9 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=AMO_2:9!5|MId=o300020090053|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=AMO_2:9!6|MId=o300020090061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11-12 כְּגֹ֤בַהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=[was].like.[the]|Ref=AMO_2:9!7|MId=o300020090071|Strong=3509a 12 גֹ֤בַהּ גֹּבַהּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=height|Ref=AMO_2:9!7|MId=o300020090072|Strong=1363 13 אֲרָזִים֙ אֶרֶז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.cedars|Ref=AMO_2:9!8|MId=o300020090081|Strong=0730 14-15 גָּבְה֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 גָּבְה גֹּבַהּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=height|Ref=AMO_2:9!9|MId=o300020090091|Strong=1363 15 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=AMO_2:9!9|MId=o300020090092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 וְחָסֹ֥ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and.[is]|Ref=AMO_2:9!10|MId=o300020090101|Strong=2050b 17 חָסֹ֥ן חָסֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=strong|Ref=AMO_2:9!10|MId=o300020090102|Strong=2634|Type=adjective 18 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=AMO_2:9!11|MId=o300020090111|Strong=1931|Type=personal 19-21 כָּֽאַלּוֹנִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כָּֽ כְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=AMO_2:9!12|MId=o300020090121|Strong=3509a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=AMO_2:9!12|MId=o300020090121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אַלּוֹנִ֑ים אַלּוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=oaks|Ref=AMO_2:9!12|MId=o300020090122|Strong=0437 22-23 וָאַשְׁמִ֤יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=AMO_2:9!13|MId=o300020090131|Strong=2050b 23 אַשְׁמִ֤יד שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.destroyed|Ref=AMO_2:9!13|MId=o300020090132|Strong=8045|Frame=AA:300020060031;A0:300020090141;300020090162;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 פִּרְיוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 פִּרְי פְּרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=AMO_2:9!14|MId=o300020090141|Strong=6529 25 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=AMO_2:9!14|MId=o300020090142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 מִמַּ֔עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=AMO_2:9!15|MId=o300020090151|Strong=4480 27 מַּ֔עַל מַעַל ADV _ _ 24 nmod _ Gloss=above|Ref=AMO_2:9!15|MId=o300020090152|Strong=4605 28-30 וְשָׁרָשָׁ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=AMO_2:9!16|MId=o300020090161|Strong=2050b 29 שָׁרָשָׁ֖י שֹׁרֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 conj _ Gloss=roots|Ref=AMO_2:9!16|MId=o300020090162|Strong=8328 30 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=AMO_2:9!16|MId=o300020090163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 מִתָּֽחַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=AMO_2:9!17|MId=o300020090171|Strong=4480 32 תָּֽחַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=beneath|Ref=AMO_2:9!17|MId=o300020090172|Strong=8478 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=AMO_2:9!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִשְׁמַדְתִּי *I destroyed* | qatal · hiphil | אֱמֹרִי *Amorite\[s\]* | | | אָנֹכִי *I* | | אַשְׁמִיד *I destroyed* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | פִּרְי *fruit* + שָׁרָשָׁי *roots* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲנָא שֵׁיצֵיתִי יַת אֱמוֹרָהָא מִן קֳדָמֵיהוֹן דִכְרוּם אֲרָזִין רוֹמֵיהּ וַחֲסִין הוּא כִּבְלוּטִין וְשֵׁיצֵיתִי אִבֵּיהּ מִלְעֵילָא וְשָׁרָשׁוֹהִי מִלְרָע: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yet destroyed I the Amorite before them, whose height was like the height of the cedars, and he was strong as the oaks; yet I destroyed his fruit from above, and his roots from beneath.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.23/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:AMO:23`. - ← previous: [Amos 2:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.8/) - next →: [Amos 2:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.10/) - ↑ back to [Amos 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/2/)