--- title: Amos 5:18 — Woe unto you that desire the day of the LORD! Wherefore would ye hav… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Woe unto you that desire the day of the LORD! Wherefore would ye have the day of the LORD? It is darkness, and not light. Who acts: Woe, ye, city. Amos 5:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.5.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Amos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/5/) / 5:18 # Amos 5:18 עָמוֹס **Who acts:** Woe, ye, city · **What happens:** desire, have, be · **To what, where:** darkness This is Amos 5:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Woe, ye, city — and what happens in the verse to darkness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. ה֥וֹי הַמִּתְאַוִּ֖ים אֶת־י֣וֹם יְהוָ֑ה לָמָּה־זֶּ֥ה לָכֶ֛ם י֥וֹם יְהוָ֖ה הוּא־חֹ֥שֶׁךְ וְלֹא־אֽוֹר׃ [Woe unto you that desire the day of the LORD!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.82/) [Wherefore would ye have the day of the LORD?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.83/) [It is darkness, and not light.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.84/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:AMO:76 # text = ה֥וֹי הַמִּתְאַוִּ֖ים אֶת־י֣וֹם יְהוָ֑ה לָמָּה־זֶּ֥ה לָכֶ֛ם י֥וֹם יְהוָ֖ה הוּא־חֹ֥שֶׁךְ וְלֹא־אֽוֹר׃ # verse = AMO.5.18 1 ה֥וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=woe.to!|Ref=AMO_5:18!1|MId=o300050180011|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 2-3 הַמִּתְאַוִּ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=AMO_5:18!2|MId=o300050180021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 מִּתְאַוִּ֖ים אָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ Gloss=who].desire|Ref=AMO_5:18!2|MId=o300050180022|Strong=0183|Frame=A1:300050180041;|Type=participle_active 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=AMO_5:18!3|MId=o300050180031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 י֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=AMO_5:18!4|MId=o300050180041|Strong=3117 6 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=AMO_5:18!5|MId=o300050180051|Strong=3068 7-8 לָמָּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=|Ref=AMO_5:18!6|MId=o300050180061|Strong=3807a 8 מָּה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 11 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=AMO_5:18!6|MId=o300050180062|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 9 זֶּ֥ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=AMO_5:18!7|MId=o300050180071|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 10-11 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 ל לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=AMO_5:18!8|MId=o300050180081|Strong=3807a 11 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 parataxis _ Gloss=you|Ref=AMO_5:18!8|MId=o300050180082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 12 י֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 dislocated _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=AMO_5:18!9|MId=o300050180091|Strong=3117 13 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=AMO_5:18!10|MId=o300050180101|Strong=3068 14 הוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=AMO_5:18!11|MId=o300050180111|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 15 חֹ֥שֶׁךְ חֹשֶׁךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=[will.be].darkness|Ref=AMO_5:18!12|MId=o300050180121|Strong=2822 16-17 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=AMO_5:18!13|MId=o300050180131|Strong=2050b 17 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=AMO_5:18!13|MId=o300050180132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 אֽוֹר אוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=light|Ref=AMO_5:18!14|MId=o300050180141|Strong=0216|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=AMO_5:18!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מִּתְאַוִּים *who\] desire* | participle active · hithpael | | יוֹם *the day* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַי לִמְחַמְדִין לְיוֹמָא דַעֲתִיד לְמֵיתֵי מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לְמָא דְנַן לְכוֹן יוֹמָא דַעֲתִיד לְמֵיתֵי מִן קֳדָם יְיָ הוּא חֲשׁוֹךְ וְלָא נְהוֹר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Woe unto you that desire the day of the LORD!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.82/) 2. [Wherefore would ye have the day of the LORD?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.83/) 3. [It is darkness, and not light.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.84/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:AMO:76`. - ← previous: [Amos 5:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.5.17/) - next →: [Amos 5:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.5.19/) - ↑ back to [Amos 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO/5/)