--- title: Ezekiel 1:1 — NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river Chebar that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God. Who acts: I. Ezekiel 1:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.1.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/1/) / 1:1 # Ezekiel 1:1 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** I · **What happens:** come, pass, be, open, see · **To what, where:** IT, heavens, visions This is Ezekiel 1:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to IT, heavens, visions, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה בָּֽרְבִיעִי֙ בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֣ה לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ וַאֲנִ֥י בְתֽוֹךְ־הַגּוֹלָ֖ה עַל־נְהַר־כְּבָ֑ר נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וָאֶרְאֶ֖ה מַרְא֥וֹת אֱלֹהִֽים׃ [NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river Chebar that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.0/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:0 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה בָּֽרְבִיעִי֙ בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֣ה לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ וַאֲנִ֥י בְתֽוֹךְ־הַגּוֹלָ֖ה עַל־נְהַר־כְּבָ֑ר נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וָאֶרְאֶ֖ה מַרְא֥וֹת אֱלֹהִֽים׃ # verse = EZK.1.1 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_1:1!1|MId=o260010010011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EZK_1:1!1|MId=o260010010012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=EZK_1:1!1 4-5 בִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_1:1!2|MId=o260010010021|Strong=0871a 5 שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 6 nummod _ Gloss=thirty|Ref=EZK_1:1!2|MId=o260010010022|Strong=7970|Type=cardinal_number 6 שָׁנָ֗ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=EZK_1:1!3|MId=o260010010031|Strong=8141 7-9 בָּֽרְבִיעִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בָּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_1:1!4|MId=o260010010041|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the.fourth|Ref=EZK_1:1!4|MId=o260010010041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 רְבִיעִי֙ רְבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=[month]|Ref=EZK_1:1!4|MId=o260010010042|Strong=7243|Type=ordinal_number 10-11 בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on.[day]|Ref=EZK_1:1!5|MId=o260010010051|Strong=0871a 11 חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=five|Ref=EZK_1:1!5|MId=o260010010052|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 12-14 לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_1:1!6|MId=o260010010061|Strong=3807a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_1:1!6|MId=o260010010061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 חֹ֔דֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nmod _ Gloss=month|Ref=EZK_1:1!6|MId=o260010010062|Strong=2320 15-16 וַאֲנִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_1:1!7|MId=o260010010071|Strong=2050b 16 אֲנִ֥י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_1:1!7|MId=o260010010072|Strong=0589|Type=personal 17-18 בְתֽוֹךְ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=[was]|Ref=EZK_1:1!8|MId=o260010010081|Strong=0871a 18 תֽוֹךְ־ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=among|Ref=EZK_1:1!8|MId=o260010010082|Strong=8432 19-20 הַגּוֹלָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_1:1!9|MId=o260010010091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 גּוֹלָ֖ה גּוֹלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=exile[s]|Ref=EZK_1:1!9|MId=o260010010092|Strong=1473 21 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EZK_1:1!10|MId=o260010010101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 22 נְהַר־ נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.river|Ref=EZK_1:1!11|MId=o260010010111|Strong=5104|SpaceAfter=No 23 כְּבָ֑ר כְּבָר PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kebar|Ref=EZK_1:1!12|MId=o260010010121|Strong=3529 24 נִפְתְּחוּ֙ פָּתַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.were.opened|Ref=EZK_1:1!13|MId=o260010010131|Strong=6605|Frame=A1:260010010142;|Type=qatal 25-26 הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_1:1!14|MId=o260010010141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 שָּׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=EZK_1:1!14|MId=o260010010142|Strong=8064 27-28 וָאֶרְאֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_1:1!15|MId=o260010010151|Strong=2050b 28 אֶרְאֶ֖ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.saw|Ref=EZK_1:1!15|MId=o260010010152|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:260010030061;A1:260010010161;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 מַרְא֥וֹת מַרְאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 28 obj _ Gloss=visions|Ref=EZK_1:1!16|MId=o260010010161|Strong=4759 30 אֱלֹהִֽים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=EZK_1:1!17|MId=o260010010171|Strong=0430|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=EZK_1:1!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִפְתְּחוּ *they were opened* | qatal · niphal | | שָּׁמַיִם *heavens* | | | | אֶרְאֶה *I saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מַרְאוֹת *visions* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בִּתְלָתִין שְׁנִין לִזְמַן דְאַשְׁכַּח חִלְקִיָה כַּהֲנָא רַבָּא סִפְרָא דְאוֹרַיְתָא בְּבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא בַּעֲזַרְתָּא תְּחוֹת אוּלָמָא בְּפַלְגוּת לֵילְיָא בָּתַר מַעֲלָנֵי סִיהֲרָא בְּיוֹמֵי יֹאשִׁיָה בַר אָמוֹן מְלַךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה בְּתַמוּז בְּחַמְשָׁא לְיַרְחָא אֲמַר נְבִיָא וַאֲנָא בְגוֹ בְנֵי גָלוּתָא עַל נְהַר כְּבָר אִתְפְּתַחוּ שְׁמַיָא וַחֲזֵית בְּחֵיזוּ נְבוּאָה דִי שְׁרָת עֲלֵי חֵיזוּ יְקָר שְׁכִנְתָּא דַיָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [NOW IT came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river Chebar that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.0/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:0`. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 52:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.52.34/) - next →: [Ezekiel 1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.1.2/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/1/)