--- title: Ezekiel 13:22 — Because with lies ye have cowed the heart of the righteous, when I h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Because with lies ye have cowed the heart of the righteous, when I have not grieved him; and strengthened the hands of the wicked, that he should not return from his wicked way, that he be saved alive; Who acts: ye, I, LORD. Ezekiel 13:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.13.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/13/) / 13:22 # Ezekiel 13:22 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** ye, I, LORD · **What happens:** cow, not grieve, strengthen, not return, save · **To what, where:** heart, LORD, hands, wicked way This is Ezekiel 13:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to heart, LORD, hands, wicked way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יַ֣עַן הַכְא֤וֹת לֵב־צַדִּיק֙ שֶׁ֔קֶר וַאֲנִ֖י לֹ֣א הִכְאַבְתִּ֑יו וּלְחַזֵּק֙ יְדֵ֣י רָשָׁ֔ע לְבִלְתִּי־שׁ֛וּב מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ הָרָ֖ע לְהַחֲיֹתֽוֹ׃ [Because with lies ye have cowed the heart of the righteous, when I have not grieved him; and strengthened the hands of the wicked, that he should not return from his wicked way, that he be saved alive;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.278/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:265 # text = יַ֣עַן הַכְא֤וֹת לֵב־צַדִּיק֙ שֶׁ֔קֶר וַאֲנִ֖י לֹ֣א הִכְאַבְתִּ֑יו וּלְחַזֵּק֙ יְדֵ֣י רָשָׁ֔ע לְבִלְתִּי־שׁ֛וּב מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ הָרָ֖ע לְהַחֲיֹתֽוֹ׃ # verse = EZK.13.22 1 יַ֣עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=because|Ref=EZK_13:22!1|MId=o260130220011|Strong=3282 2 הַכְא֤וֹת כָּאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 1 acl _ Gloss=made.disheartened|Ref=EZK_13:22!2|MId=o260130220021|Strong=3512|Frame=AA:260130170071;A0:260130220031;|Type=infinitive_construct 3 לֵב־ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=[the].heart|Ref=EZK_13:22!3|MId=o260130220031|Strong=3820|SpaceAfter=No 4 צַדִּיק֙ צַדִּיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].righteous|Ref=EZK_13:22!4|MId=o260130220041|Strong=6662|Type=adjective 5 שֶׁ֔קֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=falsehood|Ref=EZK_13:22!5|MId=o260130220051|Strong=8267 6-7 וַאֲנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_13:22!6|MId=o260130220061|Strong=2050b 7 אֲנִ֖י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_13:22!6|MId=o260130220062|Strong=0589|Type=personal 8 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_13:22!7|MId=o260130220071|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9-10 הִכְאַבְתִּ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הִכְאַבְתִּ֑י כָּאַב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_13:22!8|MId=o260130220081|Strong=3510|Frame=AA:260130220062;A0:260130220082;|Type=qatal 10 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=caused.him.pain|Ref=EZK_13:22!8|MId=o260130220082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-13 וּלְחַזֵּק֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_13:22!9|MId=o260130220091|Strong=2050b 12 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_13:22!9|MId=o260130220092|Strong=3807a 13 חַזֵּק֙ חָזַק VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 conj _ Gloss=strengthened|Ref=EZK_13:22!9|MId=o260130220093|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:260130170071;A1:260130220101;|Type=infinitive_construct 14 יְדֵ֣י יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 13 obj _ Gloss=[the].hands|Ref=EZK_13:22!10|MId=o260130220101|Strong=3027 15 רָשָׁ֔ע רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].wicked|Ref=EZK_13:22!11|MId=o260130220111|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 16-17 לְבִלְתִּי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_13:22!12|MId=o260130220121|Strong=3807a 17 בִלְתִּי־ בֵּלֶת ADP _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_13:22!12|MId=o260130220122|Strong=1115 18 שׁ֛וּב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 advcl _ Gloss=to.turn.back|Ref=EZK_13:22!13|MId=o260130220131|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:260130220111;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-21 מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_13:22!14|MId=o260130220141|Strong=4480 20 דַּרְכּ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=way|Ref=EZK_13:22!14|MId=o260130220142|Strong=1870 21 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EZK_13:22!14|MId=o260130220143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 הָרָ֖ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZK_13:22!15|MId=o260130220151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 רָ֖ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 amod _ Gloss=evil|Ref=EZK_13:22!15|MId=o260130220152|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 24-26 לְהַחֲיֹתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_13:22!16|MId=o260130220161|Strong=3807a 25 הַחֲיֹת חָיָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 18 advcl _ Gloss=preserve|Ref=EZK_13:22!16|MId=o260130220162|Strong=2421|Frame=AA:260130170071;A0:260130220163;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=him.alive|Ref=EZK_13:22!16|MId=o260130220163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EZK_13:22!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַכְאוֹת *made disheartened* | infinitive construct · hiphil | לֵב־ *\[the\] heart* | | | | | **not** הִכְאַבְתִּי *I* | qatal · hiphil | ו *caused him pain* | | | אֲנִי *I* | | חַזֵּק *strengthened* | infinitive construct · piel | | יְדֵי *\[the\] hands* | | | | שׁוּב *to turn back* | infinitive construct · qal | רָשָׁע *of \[the\] wicked* | | | | | הַחֲיֹת *preserve* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ֽוֹ *him alive* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} חֲלַף דְאַכְהֵיתֵן לֵב זַכַּאי לִמֶהֱוֵי שְׁקַר וּמִן קֳדָם מֵימְרִי לָא אִתְבְּהִי וּלְתַקָפָא יְדֵי רַשִׁיעָא בְּדִיל דְלָא לְמֵיתָב מֵאוֹרְחֵיהּ בִּישְׁתָא לְקַיָמוּתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Because with lies ye have cowed the heart of the righteous, when I have not grieved him; and strengthened the hands of the wicked, that he should not return from his wicked way, that he be saved alive;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.278/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:265`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 13:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.13.21/) - next →: [Ezekiel 13:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.13.23/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/13/)