--- title: Ezekiel 16:43 — Because thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, but hast fre… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Because thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, but hast fretted Me in all these things; lo, therefore I also will bring thy way upon thy head, saith the Lord GOD; or hast thou not committed this lewdness above all thine abominations? Who acts: thou, I, Lord GOD. Ezekiel 16:43 in Hebrew with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/16/) / 16:43 # Ezekiel 16:43 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** thou, I, Lord GOD · **What happens:** not remember, fret, bring, say, not commit · **To what, where:** Me, things, way, lewdness, abominations · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 16:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, I, Lord GOD — and what happens in the verse to Me, things, way, lewdness, abominations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־זָכַרְתְּ֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרַ֔יִךְ וַתִּרְגְּזִי־לִ֖י בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְגַם־אֲנִ֨י הֵ֜א דַּרְכֵּ֣ךְ ׀ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ נָתַ֗תִּי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְלֹ֤א עָשִׂית֙ אֶת־הַזִּמָּ֔ה עַ֖ל כָּל־תּוֹעֲבֹתָֽיִךְ׃ [Because thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, but hast fretted Me in all these things; lo, therefore I also will bring thy way upon thy head, saith the Lord GOD; or hast thou not committed this lewdness above all thine abominations?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.355/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:340 # text = יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־זָכַרְתְּ֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרַ֔יִךְ וַתִּרְגְּזִי־לִ֖י בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְגַם־אֲנִ֨י הֵ֜א דַּרְכֵּ֣ךְ ׀ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ נָתַ֗תִּי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְלֹ֤א עָשִׂית֙ אֶת־הַזִּמָּ֔ה עַ֖ל כָּל־תּוֹעֲבֹתָֽיִךְ׃ # verse = EZK.16.43 1 יַ֗עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=because|Ref=EZK_16:43!1|MId=o260160430011|Strong=3282 2 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EZK_16:43!2|MId=o260160430021|Strong=0834|Type=relative 3 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_16:43!3|MId=o260160430031|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 זָכַרְתְּ֙ זָכַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 25 parataxis _ Gloss=you.remembered|Ref=EZK_16:43!5|MId=o260160430051|Strong=2142|Frame=A0:260160030062;A1:260160430071;|Type=qatal 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_16:43!6|MId=o260160430061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 יְמֵ֣י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obj _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=EZK_16:43!7|MId=o260160430071|Strong=3117 7-8 נְעוּרַ֔יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 נְעוּרַ֔י נְעוּרִים NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.youth(s)|Ref=EZK_16:43!8|MId=o260160430081|Strong=5271 8 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_16:43!8|MId=o260160430082|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 9-10 וַתִּרְגְּזִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_16:43!9|MId=o260160430091|Strong=2050b 10 תִּרְגְּזִי־ רָגַז VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.were.enraged|Ref=EZK_16:43!9|MId=o260160430092|Strong=7264|Frame=A0:260160030062;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 לִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_16:43!10|MId=o260160430101|Strong=3807a 12 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=EZK_16:43!10|MId=o260160430102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13-14 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_16:43!11|MId=o260160430111|Strong=0871a 14 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_16:43!11|MId=o260160430112|Strong=3605 15 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 14 det _ Gloss=these.[things]|Ref=EZK_16:43!12|MId=o260160430121|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 16-17 וְגַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_16:43!13|MId=o260160430131|Strong=2050b 17 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=EZK_16:43!13|MId=o260160430132|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 18 אֲנִ֨י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 dislocated _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_16:43!14|MId=o260160430141|Strong=0589|Type=personal 19 הֵ֜א הֵא INTJ _ _ 25 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=EZK_16:43!15|MId=o260160430151|Strong=1887|Type=interjection 20-21 דַּרְכֵּ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 דַּרְכּ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=conduct|Ref=EZK_16:43!16|MId=o260160430161|Strong=1870 21 ֵ֣ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_16:43!16|MId=o260160430162|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 22 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=EZK_16:43!16 23-24 בְּרֹ֣אשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on.[the]|Ref=EZK_16:43!17|MId=o260160430171|Strong=0871a 24 רֹ֣אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=head|Ref=EZK_16:43!17|MId=o260160430172|Strong=7218 25 נָתַ֗תִּי נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.requite|Ref=EZK_16:43!18|MId=o260160430181|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:260160360031;A1:260160430161;|Type=qatal 26 נְאֻם֙ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=EZK_16:43!19|MId=o260160430191|Strong=5002 27-28 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_16:43!20|MId=o260160430201|Strong=0136 28 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.[the]|Ref=EZK_16:43!20|MId=o260160430202|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29 יְהוִ֔ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 27 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_16:43!21|MId=o260160430211|Strong=3069 30-31 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_16:43!22|MId=o260160430221|Strong=2050b 31 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_16:43!22|MId=o260160430222|Strong=3808|Type=negative 32 עָשִׂית֙ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 25 conj _ Gloss=did.you.do?|Ref=EZK_16:43!24|MId=o260160430241|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260160030062;A1:260160430262;|Type=qatal 33 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_16:43!25|MId=o260160430251|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 34-35 הַזִּמָּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_16:43!26|MId=o260160430261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 זִּמָּ֔ה זִמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=licentiousness|Ref=EZK_16:43!26|MId=o260160430262|Strong=2154 36 עַ֖ל עַל ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_16:43!27|MId=o260160430271|Strong=5921 37 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_16:43!28|MId=o260160430281|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 38-39 תּוֹעֲבֹתָֽיִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 תּוֹעֲבֹתָֽי תּוֹעֵבַה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=abominations|Ref=EZK_16:43!29|MId=o260160430291|Strong=8441 39 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_16:43!29|MId=o260160430292|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EZK_16:43!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** זָכַרְתְּ *you remembered* | qatal · qal | | יְמֵי *the days* | | | | תִּרְגְּזִי־ *you were enraged* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | נָתַתִּי *I will requite* | qatal · qal | | דַּרְכּ *conduct* | | | | **not** עָשִׂית *did you do?* | qatal · qal | | זִּמָּה *licentiousness* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} חֲלַף דְלָא אִידְכַּרְתְּ יַת יוֹמֵי דְמִלְקָדְמִין וַהֲוֵית מַרְגְזָא קֳדָמַי בְּכָל אִלֵין וְאַף אֲנָא פּוּרְעֲנוּת אוֹרְחָתִיךְ בְּרֵישׁ יְהָבֵית אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים לָא עֲבַדְתְּ לִיךְ עֵיצָה לְמֵיתַב מִן כָּל תּוֹעֲבָתָיִךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Because thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, but hast fretted Me in all these things; lo, therefore I also will bring thy way upon thy head, saith the Lord GOD; or hast thou not committed this lewdness above all thine abominations?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.355/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:340`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 16:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.42/) - next →: [Ezekiel 16:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.44/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/16/)