--- title: Ezekiel 16:57 — before thy wickedness was uncovered, as at the time of the taunt of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: before thy wickedness was uncovered, as at the time of the taunt of the daughters of Aram, and of all that are round about her, the daughters of the Philistines, that have thee in disdain round about. Who acts: daughters. Ezekiel 16:57 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.57/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/16/) / 16:57 # Ezekiel 16:57 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** daughters · **What happens:** uncover, be, have, taunt · **To what, where:** wickedness, thee, disdain, daughters This is Ezekiel 16:57 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — daughters — and what happens in the verse to wickedness, thee, disdain, daughters, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּטֶרֶם֮ תִּגָּלֶ֣ה רָעָתֵךְ֒ כְּמ֗וֹ עֵ֚ת חֶרְפַּ֣ת בְּנוֹת־אֲרָ֔ם וְכָל־סְבִיבוֹתֶ֖יהָ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים הַשָּׁאט֥וֹת אוֹתָ֖ךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃ [before thy wickedness was uncovered, as at the time of the taunt of the daughters of Aram, and of all that are round about her, the daughters of the Philistines, that have thee in disdain round about.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.369/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:354 # text = בְּטֶרֶם֮ תִּגָּלֶ֣ה רָעָתֵךְ֒ כְּמ֗וֹ עֵ֚ת חֶרְפַּ֣ת בְּנוֹת־אֲרָ֔ם וְכָל־סְבִיבוֹתֶ֖יהָ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים הַשָּׁאט֥וֹת אוֹתָ֖ךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃ # verse = EZK.16.57 1-2 בְּטֶרֶם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EZK_16:57!1|MId=o260160570011|Strong=0871a 2 טֶרֶם֮ טֶרֶם ADV _ _ 3 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_16:57!1|MId=o260160570012|Strong=2962 3 תִּגָּלֶ֣ה גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.uncovered|Ref=EZK_16:57!2|MId=o260160570021|Strong=1540|Frame=A1:260160570031;|Type=yiqtol 4-5 רָעָתֵךְ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 רָעָת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=wickedness|Ref=EZK_16:57!3|MId=o260160570031|Strong=7451b 5 ֵךְ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_16:57!3|MId=o260160570032|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 6 כְּמ֗וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=EZK_16:57!4|MId=o260160570041|Strong=3644 7 עֵ֚ת עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=the.time|Ref=EZK_16:57!5|MId=o260160570051|Strong=6256 8 חֶרְפַּ֣ת חֶרְפָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.reproach|Ref=EZK_16:57!6|MId=o260160570061|Strong=2781 9 בְּנוֹת־ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.daughters|Ref=EZK_16:57!7|MId=o260160570071|Strong=1323|SpaceAfter=No 10 אֲרָ֔ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aram|Ref=EZK_16:57!8|MId=o260160570081|Strong=0758 11-12 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_16:57!9|MId=o260160570091|Strong=2050b 12 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_16:57!9|MId=o260160570092|Strong=3605 13-14 סְבִיבוֹתֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 סְבִיבוֹתֶ֖י סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=around|Ref=EZK_16:57!10|MId=o260160570101|Strong=5439 14 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_16:57!10|MId=o260160570102|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 15 בְּנ֣וֹת בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=the.daughters|Ref=EZK_16:57!11|MId=o260160570111|Strong=1323 16 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=EZK_16:57!12|MId=o260160570121|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 17-18 הַשָּׁאט֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=EZK_16:57!13|MId=o260160570131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 שָּׁאט֥וֹת שׁוּט VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 15 appos _ Gloss=despise|Ref=EZK_16:57!13|MId=o260160570132|Strong=7590a|Frame=A0:260160570111;A1:260160570142;|Type=participle_active 19-20 אוֹתָ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_16:57!14|MId=o260160570141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 ָ֖ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_16:57!14|MId=o260160570142|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 21-22 מִסָּבִֽיב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_16:57!15|MId=o260160570151|Strong=4480 22 סָּבִֽיב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=round.about|Ref=EZK_16:57!15|MId=o260160570152|Strong=5439 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EZK_16:57!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּגָּלֶה *it was uncovered* | yiqtol · niphal | | רָעָת *wickedness* | | | | שָּׁאטוֹת *despise* | participle active · qal | בְּנוֹת *the daughters* | ָךְ *you* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} עַד לָא תִתְגְלֵי בִישְׁתִּיךְ כְּעִדַן דַחֲסִידוּ כַּפְרָנֵי אֲרָם וְכָל סָחְרָנָהָא כַּפְרָנֵי פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי דְבָזוּ יָתִיךְ מִסְחוֹר סְחוֹר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [before thy wickedness was uncovered, as at the time of the taunt of the daughters of Aram, and of all that are round about her, the daughters of the Philistines, that have thee in disdain round about.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.369/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:354`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 16:56](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.56/) - next →: [Ezekiel 16:58](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.16.58/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/16/)