--- title: Ezekiel 18:19 — Yet say ye: Why doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father wit… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yet say ye: Why doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father with him? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all My statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live. Who acts: ye, son. Ezekiel 18:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/) / 18:19 # Ezekiel 18:19 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** ye, son · **What happens:** say, not bear, do, be, keep, live · **To what, where:** iniquity, that, statutes · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 18:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, son — and what happens in the verse to iniquity, that, statutes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם מַדֻּ֛עַ לֹא־נָשָׂ֥א הַבֵּ֖ן בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֑ב וְהַבֵּ֞ן מִשְׁפָּ֧ט וּצְדָקָ֣ה עָשָׂ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־חֻקּוֹתַ֥י שָׁמַ֛ר וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֖ם חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶֽה׃ [Yet say ye: Why doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father with him?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.421/) [When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all My statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.422/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:403 # text = וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם מַדֻּ֛עַ לֹא־נָשָׂ֥א הַבֵּ֖ן בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֑ב וְהַבֵּ֞ן מִשְׁפָּ֧ט וּצְדָקָ֣ה עָשָׂ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־חֻקּוֹתַ֥י שָׁמַ֛ר וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֖ם חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶֽה׃ # verse = EZK.18.19 1-2 וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:19!1|MId=o260180190011|Strong=2050b 2 אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.say|Ref=EZK_18:19!1|MId=o260180190012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260180150101;|Type=weqatal 3 מַדֻּ֛עַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=EZK_18:19!2|MId=o260180190021|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 4 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_18:19!3|MId=o260180190031|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 5 נָשָׂ֥א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=has.he.borne|Ref=EZK_18:19!4|MId=o260180190041|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:260180190052;|Type=qatal 6-7 הַבֵּ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_18:19!5|MId=o260180190051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 בֵּ֖ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=child|Ref=EZK_18:19!5|MId=o260180190052|Strong=1121 8-9 בַּעֲוֺ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_18:19!6|MId=o260180190061|Strong=0871a 9 עֲוֺ֣ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the.iniquity|Ref=EZK_18:19!6|MId=o260180190062|Strong=5771 10-11 הָאָ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_18:19!7|MId=o260180190071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אָ֑ב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.parent|Ref=EZK_18:19!7|MId=o260180190072|Strong=0001 12-14 וְהַבֵּ֞ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:19!8|MId=o260180190081|Strong=2050b 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_18:19!8|MId=o260180190082|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 בֵּ֞ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=child|Ref=EZK_18:19!8|MId=o260180190083|Strong=1121 15 מִשְׁפָּ֧ט מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=justice|Ref=EZK_18:19!9|MId=o260180190091|Strong=4941 16-17 וּצְדָקָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:19!10|MId=o260180190101|Strong=2050b 17 צְדָקָ֣ה צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=EZK_18:19!10|MId=o260180190102|Strong=6666 18 עָשָׂ֗ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.has.done|Ref=EZK_18:19!11|MId=o260180190111|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260180190083;A1:260180190091;260180190102;|Type=qatal 19 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_18:19!12|MId=o260180190121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_18:19!13|MId=o260180190131|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 חֻקּוֹתַ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 חֻקּוֹת חֻקָּה NOUN _ Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=statutes|Ref=EZK_18:19!14|MId=o260180190141|Strong=2708 22 ַ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EZK_18:19!14|MId=o260180190142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 23 שָׁמַ֛ר שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.kept|Ref=EZK_18:19!15|MId=o260180190151|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:260180190083;A1:260180190141;|Type=qatal 24-25 וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:19!16|MId=o260180190161|Strong=2050b 25 יַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 conj _ Gloss=he.has.done|Ref=EZK_18:19!16|MId=o260180190162|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260180190083;A1:260180190172;|Type=wayyiqtol 26-27 אֹתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_18:19!17|MId=o260180190171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_18:19!17|MId=o260180190172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28 חָיֹ֥ה חָיָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 obl:npmod _ Gloss=certainly.(live)|Ref=EZK_18:19!18|MId=o260180190181|Strong=2421|Type=infinitive_absolute 29 יִחְיֶֽה חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.live|Ref=EZK_18:19!19|MId=o260180190191|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:260180190083;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=EZK_18:19!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֲמַרְתֶּם *you say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | **not** נָשָׂא *has he borne* | qatal · qal | בֵּן *child* | | | | | עָשָׂה *he has done* | qatal · qal | בֵּן *child* | מִשְׁפָּט *justice* + צְדָקָה *righteousness* | | | | שָׁמַר *he has kept* | qatal · qal | בֵּן *child* | חֻקּוֹת *statutes* | | | | יַּעֲשֶׂה *he has done* | wayyiqtol · qal | בֵּן *child* | ָם *them* | | | | יִחְיֶֽה *he will live* | yiqtol · qal | בֵּן *child* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתֵימְרוּן מָא דֵין לָא לָקֵי בְרָא בְּחוֹבֵי אַבָּא וּבְרָא דִין וּקְשׁוֹט וּזְכוּ עָבַד יַת כָּל קְיָמֵי נְטַר וַעֲבַד יַתְהוֹן מֵיחָא יְחֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yet say ye: Why doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father with him?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.421/) 2. [When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all My statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.422/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:403`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 18:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.18/) - next →: [Ezekiel 18:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.20/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/)