--- title: Ezekiel 18:20 — The soul that sinneth, it shall die; the son shall not bear the iniq… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The soul that sinneth, it shall die; the son shall not bear the iniquity of the father with him, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son with him; the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him. Who acts: soul, son, father, righ --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/) / 18:20 # Ezekiel 18:20 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** soul, son, father, righteousness, wickedness · **What happens:** sin, die, not bear, bear, be · **To what, where:** iniquity This is Ezekiel 18:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — soul, son, father, righteousness, wickedness — and what happens in the verse to iniquity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֣יא תָמ֑וּת בֵּ֞ן לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א ׀ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֗ב וְאָב֙ לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הַבֵּ֔ן צִדְקַ֤ת הַצַּדִּיק֙ עָלָ֣יו תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְרִשְׁעַ֥ת הָרָשָׁ֖ע עָלָ֥יו תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃ס [The soul that sinneth, it shall die; the son shall not bear the iniquity of the father with him, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son with him; the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.423/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:404 # text = הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֣יא תָמ֑וּת בֵּ֞ן לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א ׀ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֗ב וְאָב֙ לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הַבֵּ֔ן צִדְקַ֤ת הַצַּדִּיק֙ עָלָ֣יו תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְרִשְׁעַ֥ת הָרָשָׁ֖ע עָלָ֥יו תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃ס # verse = EZK.18.20 1-2 הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_18:20!1|MId=o260180200011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 נֶּ֥פֶשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 dislocated _ Gloss=soul|Ref=EZK_18:20!1|MId=o260180200012|Strong=5315 3-4 הַחֹטֵ֖את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=EZK_18:20!2|MId=o260180200021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 חֹטֵ֖את חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=sins|Ref=EZK_18:20!2|MId=o260180200022|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:260180200012;|Type=participle_active 5 הִ֣יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_18:20!3|MId=o260180200031|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 6 תָמ֑וּת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.die|Ref=EZK_18:20!4|MId=o260180200041|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:260180200031;|Type=yiqtol 7 בֵּ֞ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=a.child|Ref=EZK_18:20!5|MId=o260180200051|Strong=1121 8 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_18:20!6|MId=o260180200061|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 9 יִשָּׂ֣א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.bear|Ref=EZK_18:20!7|MId=o260180200071|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:260180200051;|Type=yiqtol 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=EZK_18:20!7 11-12 בַּעֲוֺ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_18:20!8|MId=o260180200081|Strong=0871a 12 עֲוֺ֣ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.iniquity|Ref=EZK_18:20!8|MId=o260180200082|Strong=5771 13-14 הָאָ֗ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_18:20!9|MId=o260180200091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 אָ֗ב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.parent|Ref=EZK_18:20!9|MId=o260180200092|Strong=0001 15-16 וְאָב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:20!10|MId=o260180200101|Strong=2050b 16 אָב֙ אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=a.parent|Ref=EZK_18:20!10|MId=o260180200102|Strong=0001 17 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_18:20!11|MId=o260180200111|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 יִשָּׂא֙ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he.will.bear|Ref=EZK_18:20!12|MId=o260180200121|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:260180200102;|Type=yiqtol 19-20 בַּעֲוֺ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_18:20!13|MId=o260180200131|Strong=0871a 20 עֲוֺ֣ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.iniquity|Ref=EZK_18:20!13|MId=o260180200132|Strong=5771 21-22 הַבֵּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_18:20!14|MId=o260180200141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 בֵּ֔ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.child|Ref=EZK_18:20!14|MId=o260180200142|Strong=1121 23 צִדְקַ֤ת צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=the.righteousness|Ref=EZK_18:20!15|MId=o260180200151|Strong=6666 24-25 הַצַּדִּיק֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_18:20!16|MId=o260180200161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 צַּדִּיק֙ צַדִּיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.righteous.[person]|Ref=EZK_18:20!16|MId=o260180200162|Strong=6662|Type=adjective 26-27 עָלָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 עָלָ֣י עַל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_18:20!17|MId=o260180200171|Strong=5921 27 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 parataxis _ Gloss=him|Ref=EZK_18:20!17|MId=o260180200172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 27 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=EZK_18:20!18|MId=o260180200181|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260180200151;|Type=yiqtol 29-30 וְרִשְׁעַ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:20!19|MId=o260180200191|Strong=2050b 30 רִשְׁעַ֥ת רִשְׁעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ Gloss=the.wickedness|Ref=EZK_18:20!19|MId=o260180200192|Strong=7564 31-32 הָרָשָׁ֖ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_18:20!21|MId=o260180200211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 רָשָׁ֖ע רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.wicked.[person]|Ref=EZK_18:20!21|MId=o260180200212|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 33-34 עָלָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 עָלָ֥י עַל ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_18:20!22|MId=o260180200221|Strong=5921 34 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=EZK_18:20!22|MId=o260180200222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 תִּֽהְיֶֽה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 34 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=EZK_18:20!23|MId=o260180200231|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260180200192;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=EZK_18:20!23|SpaceAfter=No 37 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=EZK_18:20!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חֹטֵאת *sins* | participle active · qal | נֶּפֶשׁ *soul* | | | | | תָמוּת *it will die* | yiqtol · qal | הִיא *it* | | | | | **not** יִשָּׂא *he will bear* | yiqtol · qal | בֵּן *a child* | | | | | **not** יִשָּׂא *he will bear* | yiqtol · qal | אָב *a parent* | | | | | תִּֽהְיֶה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | צִדְקַת *the righteousness* | | | | | תִּֽהְיֶֽה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | רִשְׁעַת *the wickedness* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֱנַשׁ דְיֵחוֹב הוּא יְמוּת בְּרָא לָא לָקֵי בְּחוֹבֵי אַבָּא וְאַבָּא לָא לָקֵי בְּחוֹבֵי בְרָא זְכוּת זַכָּאָה בֵּיהּ יִתְקַיֵם וְחוֹבַת חַיָבָא עֲלוֹהִי תְהֵא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The soul that sinneth, it shall die; the son shall not bear the iniquity of the father with him, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son with him; the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.423/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:404`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 18:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.19/) - next →: [Ezekiel 18:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.21/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/)