--- title: Ezekiel 18:31 — Cast away from you all your transgressions, wherein ye have transgre… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Cast away from you all your transgressions, wherein ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit; for why will ye die, O house of Israel? Who acts: you, ye, your. Ezekiel 18:31 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/) / 18:31 # Ezekiel 18:31 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** you, ye, your · **What happens:** cast away, transgress, make, die · **To what, where:** transgressions, new heart, you This is Ezekiel 18:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, ye, your — and what happens in the verse to transgressions, new heart, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֗ם אֶת־כָּל־פִּשְׁעֵיכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם בָּ֔ם וַעֲשׂ֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם לֵ֥ב חָדָ֖שׁ וְר֣וּחַ חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וְלָ֥מָּה תָמֻ֖תוּ בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Cast away from you all your transgressions, wherein ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit; for why will ye die, O house of Israel?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.438/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:415 # text = הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֗ם אֶת־כָּל־פִּשְׁעֵיכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם בָּ֔ם וַעֲשׂ֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם לֵ֥ב חָדָ֖שׁ וְר֣וּחַ חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וְלָ֥מָּה תָמֻ֖תוּ בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = EZK.18.31 1 הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ שָׁלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=throw.away|Ref=EZK_18:31!1|MId=o260180310011|Strong=7993|Frame=AA:260180300061;A0:260180310051;|Type=imperative 2-4 מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_18:31!2|MId=o260180310021|Strong=4480 3 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EZK_18:31!2|MId=o260180310022|Strong=5921 4 כֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_18:31!2|MId=o260180310023|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_18:31!3|MId=o260180310031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_18:31!4|MId=o260180310041|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 פִּשְׁעֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 פִּשְׁעֵי פֶּשַׁע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=transgressions|Ref=EZK_18:31!5|MId=o260180310051|Strong=6588 8 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_18:31!5|MId=o260180310052|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EZK_18:31!6|MId=o260180310061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 10 פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם פָּשַׁע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.have.transgressed|Ref=EZK_18:31!7|MId=o260180310071|Strong=6586|Frame=A0:260180300061;|Type=qatal 11-12 בָּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZK_18:31!8|MId=o260180310081|Strong=0871a 12 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_18:31!8|MId=o260180310082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 וַעֲשׂ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:31!9|MId=o260180310091|Strong=2050b 14 עֲשׂ֥וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=make|Ref=EZK_18:31!9|MId=o260180310092|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260180300061;A1:260180310111;260180310132;|Type=imperative 15-16 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_18:31!10|MId=o260180310101|Strong=3807a 16 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=EZK_18:31!10|MId=o260180310102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17 לֵ֥ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.heart|Ref=EZK_18:31!11|MId=o260180310111|Strong=3820 18 חָדָ֖שׁ חָדָשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=new|Ref=EZK_18:31!12|MId=o260180310121|Strong=2319|Type=adjective 19-20 וְר֣וּחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:31!13|MId=o260180310131|Strong=2050b 20 ר֣וּחַ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=a.spirit|Ref=EZK_18:31!13|MId=o260180310132|Strong=7307 21 חֲדָשָׁ֑ה חָדָשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 amod _ Gloss=new|Ref=EZK_18:31!14|MId=o260180310141|Strong=2319|Type=adjective 22-24 וְלָ֥מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:31!15|MId=o260180310151|Strong=2050b 23 לָ֥ לָמָה ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_18:31!15|MId=o260180310152|Strong=3807a 24 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 25 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=EZK_18:31!15|MId=o260180310153|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 25 תָמֻ֖תוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=will.you.die|Ref=EZK_18:31!16|MId=o260180310161|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:260180310171;|Type=yiqtol 26 בֵּ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 parataxis _ Gloss=O.house|Ref=EZK_18:31!17|MId=o260180310171|Strong=1004 27 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_18:31!18|MId=o260180310181|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=EZK_18:31!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַשְׁלִיכוּ *throw away* | imperative · hiphil | פִּשְׁעֵי *transgressions* | | | | | פְּשַׁעְתֶּם *you have transgressed* | qatal · qal | | | | | | עֲשׂוּ *make* | imperative · qal | | לֵב *a heart* + רוּחַ *a spirit* | | | | תָמֻתוּ *will you die* | yiqtol · qal | בֵּית *O house* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אַרְחִיקוּ מִנְכוֹן יַת כָּל חוֹבֵיכוֹן דְחַבְתּוֹן בְּהוֹן וֶעֱבִידוּ לְכוֹן לֵב דָחֵיל וְרוּחַ דַחֲלָא וְלָמָה תְמוּתוּן בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Cast away from you all your transgressions, wherein ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit; for why will ye die, O house of Israel?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.438/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:415`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 18:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.30/) - next →: [Ezekiel 18:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.32/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/)