--- title: Ezekiel 18:8 — he that hath not given forth upon interest, neither hath taken any i… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: he that hath not given forth upon interest, neither hath taken any increase, that hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true justice between man and man, Who acts: man. Ezekiel 18:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/) / 18:8 # Ezekiel 18:8 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** not give, take, withdraw, execute · **To what, where:** increase, hand, iniquity, true justice This is Ezekiel 18:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man — and what happens in the verse to increase, hand, iniquity, true justice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּנֶּ֣שֶׁךְ לֹֽא־יִתֵּ֗ן וְתַרְבִּית֙ לֹ֣א יִקָּ֔ח מֵעָ֖וֶל יָשִׁ֣יב יָד֑וֹ מִשְׁפַּ֤ט אֱמֶת֙ יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ לְאִֽישׁ׃ [he that hath not given forth upon interest, neither hath taken any increase, that hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true justice between man and man,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.410/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:392 # text = בַּנֶּ֣שֶׁךְ לֹֽא־יִתֵּ֗ן וְתַרְבִּית֙ לֹ֣א יִקָּ֔ח מֵעָ֖וֶל יָשִׁ֣יב יָד֑וֹ מִשְׁפַּ֤ט אֱמֶת֙ יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ לְאִֽישׁ׃ # verse = EZK.18.8 1-3 בַּנֶּ֣שֶׁךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_18:8!1|MId=o260180080011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZK_18:8!1|MId=o260180080011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 נֶּ֣שֶׁךְ נֶשֶׁךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=interest|Ref=EZK_18:8!1|MId=o260180080012|Strong=5392 4 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_18:8!2|MId=o260180080021|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 5 יִתֵּ֗ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.lent|Ref=EZK_18:8!3|MId=o260180080031|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:260180050012;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 וְתַרְבִּית֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:8!4|MId=o260180080041|Strong=2050b 7 תַרְבִּית֙ תַּרְבִּית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=usury|Ref=EZK_18:8!4|MId=o260180080042|Strong=8636 8 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_18:8!5|MId=o260180080051|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 יִקָּ֔ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=EZK_18:8!6|MId=o260180080061|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:260180050012;A1:260180080042;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 מֵעָ֖וֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_18:8!7|MId=o260180080071|Strong=4480 11 עָ֖וֶל עָוֶל NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=injustice|Ref=EZK_18:8!7|MId=o260180080072|Strong=5766 12 יָשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=he.turned.back|Ref=EZK_18:8!8|MId=o260180080081|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:260180050012;A0:260180080091;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 יָד֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EZK_18:8!9|MId=o260180080091|Strong=3027 14 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EZK_18:8!9|MId=o260180080092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15 מִשְׁפַּ֤ט מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=justice|Ref=EZK_18:8!10|MId=o260180080101|Strong=4941 16 אֱמֶת֙ אֱמֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.faithfulness|Ref=EZK_18:8!11|MId=o260180080111|Strong=0571 17 יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=EZK_18:8!12|MId=o260180080121|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260180050012;A1:260180080101;|Type=yiqtol 18 בֵּ֥ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=EZK_18:8!13|MId=o260180080131|Strong=0996 19 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=EZK_18:8!14|MId=o260180080141|Strong=0376 20-21 לְאִֽישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_18:8!15|MId=o260180080151|Strong=3807a 21 אִֽישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=EZK_18:8!15|MId=o260180080152|Strong=0376 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=EZK_18:8!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יִתֵּן *he lent* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** יִקָּח *he took* | yiqtol · qal | | תַרְבִּית *usury* | | | | יָשִׁיב *he turned back* | yiqtol · hiphil | יָד *hand* | | | | | יַֽעֲשֶׂה *he did* | yiqtol · qal | | מִשְׁפַּט *justice* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּחִבּוּלְיָא לָא יְהַב וְרִבִּיתָא לָא נְסִיב מִשִׁקְרָא אֲתֵיב יְדֵהּ דִין דִקְשׁוֹט עֲבֵיד בֵּין גְבַר לִגְבַר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [he that hath not given forth upon interest, neither hath taken any increase, that hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true justice between man and man,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.410/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:392`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 18:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.7/) - next →: [Ezekiel 18:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.9/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/18/)