--- title: Ezekiel 19:3 — And she brought up one of her whelps, he became a young lion; and he… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And she brought up one of her whelps, he became a young lion; and he learned to catch the prey, he devoured men. Who acts: Israel, he. Ezekiel 19:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.19.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/19/) / 19:3 # Ezekiel 19:3 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** Israel, he · **What happens:** bring up, become, learn, catch, devour · **To what, where:** one, young lion, prey, men This is Ezekiel 19:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, he — and what happens in the verse to one, young lion, prey, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתַּ֛עַל אֶחָ֥ד מִגֻּרֶ֖יהָ כְּפִ֣יר הָיָ֑ה וַיִּלְמַ֥ד לִטְרָף־טֶ֖רֶף אָדָ֥ם אָכָֽל׃ [And she brought up one of her whelps, he became a young lion; and he learned to catch the prey, he devoured men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.442/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:419 # text = וַתַּ֛עַל אֶחָ֥ד מִגֻּרֶ֖יהָ כְּפִ֣יר הָיָ֑ה וַיִּלְמַ֥ד לִטְרָף־טֶ֖רֶף אָדָ֥ם אָכָֽל׃ # verse = EZK.19.3 1-2 וַתַּ֛עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_19:3!1|MId=o260190030011|Strong=2050b 2 תַּ֛עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.brought.up|Ref=EZK_19:3!1|MId=o260190030012|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:260190020031;A0:260190030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶחָ֥ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=one|Ref=EZK_19:3!2|MId=o260190030021|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 4-6 מִגֻּרֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_19:3!3|MId=o260190030031|Strong=4480 5 גֻּרֶ֖י גּוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nmod _ Gloss=cubs|Ref=EZK_19:3!3|MId=o260190030032|Strong=1482 6 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=EZK_19:3!3|MId=o260190030033|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 7 כְּפִ֣יר כְּפִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=a.young.lion|Ref=EZK_19:3!4|MId=o260190030041|Strong=3715 8 הָיָ֑ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EZK_19:3!5|MId=o260190030051|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260190030021;|Type=qatal 9-10 וַיִּלְמַ֥ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_19:3!6|MId=o260190030061|Strong=2050b 10 יִּלְמַ֥ד לָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.learned|Ref=EZK_19:3!6|MId=o260190030062|Strong=3925|Frame=A0:260190030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 לִטְרָף־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_19:3!7|MId=o260190030071|Strong=3807a 12 טְרָף־ טָרַף VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 xcomp _ Gloss=tear|Ref=EZK_19:3!7|MId=o260190030072|Strong=2963|Frame=A0:260190030021;A1:260190030081;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 טֶ֖רֶף טֶרֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=prey|Ref=EZK_19:3!8|MId=o260190030081|Strong=2964 14 אָדָ֥ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=human[s]|Ref=EZK_19:3!9|MId=o260190030091|Strong=0120 15 אָכָֽל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.devoured|Ref=EZK_19:3!10|MId=o260190030101|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:260190030021;A1:260190030091;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 16 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=EZK_19:3!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תַּעַל *she brought up* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אֶחָד *one* | | | | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | אֶחָד *one* | | | | | יִּלְמַד *it learned* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶחָד *one* | | | | | טְרָף־ *tear* | infinitive construct · qal | אֶחָד *one* | טֶרֶף *prey* | | | | אָכָֽל *it devoured* | qatal · qal | אֶחָד *one* | אָדָם *human\[s\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְרַבִּיאַת חַד מִבְּנָהָא מַלְכָּא הֲוָה וַאֲלִיף לְמִקְטַל קְטוֹל אֱנָשָׁא קְטַל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And she brought up one of her whelps, he became a young lion; and he learned to catch the prey, he devoured men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.442/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:419`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 19:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.19.2/) - next →: [Ezekiel 19:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.19.4/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/19/)