--- title: Ezekiel 2:10 — and He spread it before me, and it was written within and without; a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and He spread it before me, and it was written within and without; and there was written therein lamentations, and moaning, and woe. Who acts: hand. Ezekiel 2:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.2.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/2/) / 2:10 # Ezekiel 2:10 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** hand · **What happens:** spread, write · **To what, where:** roll, lamentations This is Ezekiel 2:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hand — and what happens in the verse to roll, lamentations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּפְרֹ֤שׂ אוֹתָהּ֙ לְפָנַ֔י וְהִ֥יא כְתוּבָ֖ה פָּנִ֣ים וְאָח֑וֹר וְכָת֣וּב אֵלֶ֔יהָ קִנִ֥ים וָהֶ֖גֶה וָהִֽי׃ס [and He spread it before me, and it was written within and without; and there was written therein lamentations, and moaning, and woe.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.40/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:37 # text = וַיִּפְרֹ֤שׂ אוֹתָהּ֙ לְפָנַ֔י וְהִ֥יא כְתוּבָ֖ה פָּנִ֣ים וְאָח֑וֹר וְכָת֣וּב אֵלֶ֔יהָ קִנִ֥ים וָהֶ֖גֶה וָהִֽי׃ס # verse = EZK.2.10 1-2 וַיִּפְרֹ֤שׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_2:10!1|MId=o260020100011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּפְרֹ֤שׂ פָּרַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.spread.out|Ref=EZK_2:10!1|MId=o260020100012|Strong=6566|Frame=A0:260020090031;A1:260020100022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אוֹתָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_2:10!2|MId=o260020100021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 4 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_2:10!2|MId=o260020100022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5-7 לְפָנַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EZK_2:10!3|MId=o260020100031|Strong=3807a 6 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_2:10!3|MId=o260020100032|Strong=6440 7 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=EZK_2:10!3|MId=o260020100033|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְהִ֥יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_2:10!4|MId=o260020100041|Strong=2050b 9 הִ֥יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_2:10!4|MId=o260020100042|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 10 כְתוּבָ֖ה כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].written|Ref=EZK_2:10!5|MId=o260020100051|Strong=3789|Frame=A1:260020100042;|Type=participle_passive 11 פָּנִ֣ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=EZK_2:10!6|MId=o260020100061|Strong=6440 12-13 וְאָח֑וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_2:10!7|MId=o260020100071|Strong=2050b 13 אָח֑וֹר אָחוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=back|Ref=EZK_2:10!7|MId=o260020100072|Strong=0268 14-15 וְכָת֣וּב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and.[was]|Ref=EZK_2:10!8|MId=o260020100081|Strong=2050b 15 כָת֣וּב כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=written|Ref=EZK_2:10!8|MId=o260020100082|Strong=3789|Frame=A1:260020100101;260020100112;260020100122;|Type=participle_passive 16-17 אֵלֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֵלֶ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_2:10!9|MId=o260020100091|Strong=0413 17 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_2:10!9|MId=o260020100092|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 18 קִנִ֥ים קִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=lamentations|Ref=EZK_2:10!10|MId=o260020100101|Strong=7015 19-20 וָהֶ֖גֶה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_2:10!11|MId=o260020100111|Strong=2050b 20 הֶ֖גֶה הֶגֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=moaning|Ref=EZK_2:10!11|MId=o260020100112|Strong=1899 21-22 וָהִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_2:10!12|MId=o260020100121|Strong=2050b 22 הִֽי הִי INTJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 discourse _ Gloss=wailing|Ref=EZK_2:10!12|MId=o260020100122|Strong=1958 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EZK_2:10!12|SpaceAfter=No 24 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EZK_2:10!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּפְרֹשׂ *he spread out* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ָהּ *it* | | | | כְתוּבָה *\[was\] written* | participle passive · qal | | הִיא *it* | | | | כָתוּב *written* | participle passive · qal | | קִנִים *lamentations* + הֶגֶה *moaning* + הִֽי *wailing* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּפְרַס יָתָהּ קֳדָמַי וְהָא כְתִיבָא מֵאַפָּהָא וּמֵאֲחוֹרָהָא מַה דַהֲוָה מִן שְׁרוּיָא וּמַה דְעָתִיד לְמֶהֱוֵי בְּסוֹפָא וּכְתִיב בָּהּ דְאִם יֶעְבְּרוּן בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל אוֹרַיְתָא יִשְׁלְטוּן בְהוֹן עַמְמַיָא וְאִם יַעַבְדוּן יַת אוֹרַיְתָא יְסוּף מִנְהוֹן אִלְיָא וּדְוָנָא וְתֵינַחְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and He spread it before me, and it was written within and without; and there was written therein lamentations, and moaning, and woe.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.40/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:37`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 2:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.2.9/) - next →: [Ezekiel 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.3.1/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/2/)