--- title: Ezekiel 21:20 — I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that thei… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter. Who acts: I, heart. Ezekiel 21:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/21/) / 21:20 # Ezekiel 21:20 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** I, heart · **What happens:** set, melt, multiply, make, sharpen, point · **To what, where:** point, gates, stumblings, heart, sword This is Ezekiel 21:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, heart — and what happens in the verse to point, gates, stumblings, heart, sword, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לְמַ֣עַן ׀ לָמ֣וּג לֵ֗ב וְהַרְבֵּה֙ הַמִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים עַ֚ל כָּל־שַׁ֣עֲרֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֖תִּי אִבְחַת־חָ֑רֶב אָ֛ח עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה לְבָרָ֖ק מְעֻטָּ֥ה לְטָֽבַח׃ [I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.521/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:494 # text = לְמַ֣עַן ׀ לָמ֣וּג לֵ֗ב וְהַרְבֵּה֙ הַמִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים עַ֚ל כָּל־שַׁ֣עֲרֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֖תִּי אִבְחַת־חָ֑רֶב אָ֛ח עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה לְבָרָ֖ק מְעֻטָּ֥ה לְטָֽבַח׃ # verse = EZK.21.20 1 לְמַ֣עַן לְמַעַן SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=so.as|Ref=EZK_21:20!1|MId=o260210200011|Strong=4616 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=EZK_21:20!1 3-4 לָמ֣וּג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_21:20!2|MId=o260210200021|Strong=3807a 4 מ֣וּג מוּג VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 xcomp _ Gloss=melt|Ref=EZK_21:20!2|MId=o260210200022|Strong=4127|Frame=A0:260210200031;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 לֵ֗ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=a.heart|Ref=EZK_21:20!3|MId=o260210200031|Strong=3820 6-7 וְהַרְבֵּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_21:20!4|MId=o260210200041|Strong=2050b 7 הַרְבֵּה֙ רָבָה ADV _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 4 conj _ Gloss=[may.be].many|Ref=EZK_21:20!4|MId=o260210200042|Strong=7235b|Type=infinitive_absolute 8-9 הַמִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_21:20!5|MId=o260210200051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים מִכְשׁוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=stumblings|Ref=EZK_21:20!5|MId=o260210200052|Strong=4383 10 עַ֚ל עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EZK_21:20!6|MId=o260210200061|Strong=5921 11 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_21:20!7|MId=o260210200071|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 שַׁ֣עֲרֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 שַׁ֣עֲרֵי שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=gates|Ref=EZK_21:20!8|MId=o260210200081|Strong=8179 13 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_21:20!8|MId=o260210200082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14 נָתַ֖תִּי נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.have.set|Ref=EZK_21:20!9|MId=o260210200091|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:260210180111;A1:260210200101;|Type=qatal 15 אִבְחַת־ אִבְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.slaughter|Ref=EZK_21:20!10|MId=o260210200101|Strong=0019|SpaceAfter=No 16 חָ֑רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.sword|Ref=EZK_21:20!11|MId=o260210200111|Strong=2719 17 אָ֛ח אָח INTJ _ _ 21 discourse _ Gloss=alas!|Ref=EZK_21:20!12|MId=o260210200121|Strong=0253|Type=interjection 18 עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 21 parataxis _ Gloss=[it.is].made|Ref=EZK_21:20!13|MId=o260210200131|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:260210200111;|Type=participle_passive 19-20 לְבָרָ֖ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_21:20!14|MId=o260210200141|Strong=3807a 20 בָרָ֖ק בָּרָק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=lightning|Ref=EZK_21:20!14|MId=o260210200142|Strong=1300 21 מְעֻטָּ֥ה מְעֻטָּה ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 parataxis _ Gloss=[it.is].wrapped|Ref=EZK_21:20!15|MId=o260210200151|Strong=4593a|Type=adjective 22-23 לְטָֽבַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_21:20!16|MId=o260210200161|Strong=3807a 23 טָֽבַח טֶבַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=slaughter|Ref=EZK_21:20!16|MId=o260210200162|Strong=2874 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=EZK_21:20!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מוּג *melt* | infinitive construct · qal | לֵב *a heart* | | | | | נָתַתִּי *I have set* | qatal · qal | | אִבְחַת־ *a slaughter* | | | | עֲשׂוּיָה *\[it is\] made* | participle passive · qal | | חָרֶב *of a sword* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּדִיל לְמִתְבַּר לִבְּהוֹן וּלְאַסְגָאָה מַתְקַלְהוֹן עַל כָּל קִרְוֵיהוֹן מַנִיתִי קָטְלֵי חַרְבָּא וֵי חַרְבָּא אִשְׁתְּלִיפַת לְמִקְטֵל אִשְׁתְּנִינִת לְשֵׁיצָאָה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.521/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:494`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 21:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.19/) - next →: [Ezekiel 21:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.21/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/21/)