--- title: Ezekiel 22:28 — And her prophets have daubed for them with whited plaster, seeing fa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And her prophets have daubed for them with whited plaster, seeing falsehood, and divining lies unto them, saying: Thus saith the Lord GOD, when the LORD hath not spoken. Who acts: prophets, Lord GOD, LORD. Ezekiel 22:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/22/) / 22:28 # Ezekiel 22:28 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** prophets, Lord GOD, LORD · **What happens:** daub, see, divine, say, not speak · **To what, where:** falsehood, lies · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 22:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — prophets, Lord GOD, LORD — and what happens in the verse to falsehood, lies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ טָח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ תָּפֵ֔ל חֹזִ֣ים שָׁ֔וְא וְקֹסְמִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם כָּזָ֑ב אֹמְרִ֗ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דִבֵּֽר׃ [And her prophets have daubed for them with whited plaster, seeing falsehood, and divining lies unto them, saying: Thus saith the Lord GOD, when the LORD hath not spoken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.567/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:539 # text = וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ טָח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ תָּפֵ֔ל חֹזִ֣ים שָׁ֔וְא וְקֹסְמִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם כָּזָ֑ב אֹמְרִ֗ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דִבֵּֽר׃ # verse = EZK.22.28 1-3 וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:28!1|MId=o260220280011|Strong=2050b 2 נְבִיאֶ֗י נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=prophets|Ref=EZK_22:28!1|MId=o260220280012|Strong=5030 3 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZK_22:28!1|MId=o260220280013|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 4 טָח֤וּ טוּחַ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.plastered|Ref=EZK_22:28!2|MId=o260220280021|Strong=2902|Frame=A0:260220280012;|Type=qatal 5-6 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 ל לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_22:28!3|MId=o260220280031|Strong=3807a 6 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_22:28!3|MId=o260220280032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7 תָּפֵ֔ל תָּפֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 advmod _ Gloss=whitewash|Ref=EZK_22:28!4|MId=o260220280041|Strong=8602 8 חֹזִ֣ים חֹזֶה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ Gloss=[they.are].seeing|Ref=EZK_22:28!5|MId=o260220280051|Strong=2372|Frame=A0:260220280012;A1:260220280061;|Type=participle_active 9 שָׁ֔וְא שָׁוְא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=falsehood|Ref=EZK_22:28!6|MId=o260220280061|Strong=7723 10-11 וְקֹסְמִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:28!7|MId=o260220280071|Strong=2050b 11 קֹסְמִ֥ים קָסַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=[they.are].divining|Ref=EZK_22:28!7|MId=o260220280072|Strong=7080|Frame=A0:260220280012;A1:260220280091;|Type=participle_active 12-13 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_22:28!8|MId=o260220280081|Strong=3807a 13 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_22:28!8|MId=o260220280082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14 כָּזָ֑ב כָּזָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=falsehood|Ref=EZK_22:28!9|MId=o260220280091|Strong=3577 15 אֹמְרִ֗ים אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ Gloss=[they.are].saying|Ref=EZK_22:28!10|MId=o260220280101|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260220280012;A1:260220280121;|Type=participle_active 16 כֹּ֤ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_22:28!11|MId=o260220280111|Strong=3541 17 אָמַר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_22:28!12|MId=o260220280121|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260220280131;|Type=qatal 18-19 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_22:28!13|MId=o260220280131|Strong=0136 19 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_22:28!13|MId=o260220280132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20 יְהוִ֔ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 18 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_22:28!14|MId=o260220280141|Strong=3069 21-22 וַֽיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:28!15|MId=o260220280151|Strong=2050b 22 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 24 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_22:28!15|MId=o260220280152|Strong=3068 23 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_22:28!16|MId=o260220280161|Strong=3808|Type=negative 24 דִבֵּֽר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=he.had.spoken|Ref=EZK_22:28!17|MId=o260220280171|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:260220280152;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EZK_22:28!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | טָחוּ *they have plastered* | qatal · qal | נְבִיאֶי *prophets* | | | | | חֹזִים *\[they are\] seeing* | participle active · qal | נְבִיאֶי *prophets* | שָׁוְא *falsehood* | | | | קֹסְמִים *\[they are\] divining* | participle active · qal | נְבִיאֶי *prophets* | כָּזָב *falsehood* | | | | אֹמְרִים *\[they are\] saying* | participle active · qal | נְבִיאֶי *prophets* | אָמַר *he says* | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | **not** דִבֵּֽר *he had spoken* | qatal · piel | יהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְבִיֵי שִׁקְרָא דִי בְגַוָה דָמָן לִדְבָנֵי מְחִיצָא וְשָׁעֵיעַ לֵיהּ טִין פַטִיר דְלָא תֶּבֶן מִתְנַבַּן שְׁקַר וּמַלְפִין לְהוֹן כַּדְבִין אָמְרִין כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים וּמִן קֳדָם יְיָ לָא אִתְמַלָל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And her prophets have daubed for them with whited plaster, seeing falsehood, and divining lies unto them, saying: Thus saith the Lord GOD, when the LORD hath not spoken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.567/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:539`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 22:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.27/) - next →: [Ezekiel 22:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.29/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/22/)