--- title: Ezekiel 22:3 — And thou shalt say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: O city that sheddest bl… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And thou shalt say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: O city that sheddest blood in the midst of thee, that thy time may come, and that makest idols unto thyself to defile thee; Who acts: thou, city, time. Ezekiel 22:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/22/) / 22:3 # Ezekiel 22:3 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** thou, city, time · **What happens:** say, shed, come, make, defile · **To what, where:** Lord GOD, blood, midst, idols, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 22:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, city, time — and what happens in the verse to Lord GOD, blood, midst, idols, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה עִ֣יר שֹׁפֶ֥כֶת דָּ֛ם בְּתוֹכָ֖הּ לָב֣וֹא עִתָּ֑הּ וְעָשְׂתָ֧ה גִלּוּלִ֛ים עָלֶ֖יהָ לְטָמְאָֽה׃ [And thou shalt say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: O city that sheddest blood in the midst of thee, that thy time may come, and that makest idols unto thyself to defile thee;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.541/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:514 # text = וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה עִ֣יר שֹׁפֶ֥כֶת דָּ֛ם בְּתוֹכָ֖הּ לָב֣וֹא עִתָּ֑הּ וְעָשְׂתָ֧ה גִלּוּלִ֛ים עָלֶ֖יהָ לְטָמְאָֽה׃ # verse = EZK.22.3 1-2 וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:3!1|MId=o260220030011|Strong=2050b 2 אָמַרְתָּ֗ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=EZK_22:3!1|MId=o260220030012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260220020021;|Type=weqatal 3 כֹּ֤ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_22:3!2|MId=o260220030021|Strong=3541 4 אָמַר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_22:3!3|MId=o260220030031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260220030041;|Type=qatal 5-6 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_22:3!4|MId=o260220030041|Strong=0136 6 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_22:3!4|MId=o260220030042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 יְהוִ֔ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 5 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_22:3!5|MId=o260220030051|Strong=3069 8 עִ֣יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=O.city|Ref=EZK_22:3!6|MId=o260220030061|Strong=5892 9 שֹׁפֶ֥כֶת שָׁפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 ccomp _ Gloss=[which].sheds|Ref=EZK_22:3!7|MId=o260220030071|Strong=8210|Frame=A0:260220030061;A1:260220030081;|Type=participle_active 10 דָּ֛ם דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=blood|Ref=EZK_22:3!8|MId=o260220030081|Strong=1818 11-13 בְּתוֹכָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_22:3!9|MId=o260220030091|Strong=0871a 12 תוֹכ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.midst|Ref=EZK_22:3!9|MId=o260220030092|Strong=8432 13 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.it|Ref=EZK_22:3!9|MId=o260220030093|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 14-15 לָב֣וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_22:3!10|MId=o260220030101|Strong=3807a 15 ב֣וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 advcl _ Gloss=come|Ref=EZK_22:3!10|MId=o260220030102|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:260220030111;|Type=infinitive_construct 16-17 עִתָּ֑הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עִתּ עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=time|Ref=EZK_22:3!11|MId=o260220030111|Strong=6256 17 ָ֑הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZK_22:3!11|MId=o260220030112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְעָשְׂתָ֧ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:3!12|MId=o260220030121|Strong=2050b 19 עָשְׂתָ֧ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=it.has.made|Ref=EZK_22:3!12|MId=o260220030122|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260220030061;A1:260220030131;|Type=weqatal 20 גִלּוּלִ֛ים גִּלּוּלִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=idols|Ref=EZK_22:3!13|MId=o260220030131|Strong=1544 21-22 עָלֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_22:3!14|MId=o260220030141|Strong=5921 22 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=itself|Ref=EZK_22:3!14|MId=o260220030142|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְטָמְאָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_22:3!15|MId=o260220030151|Strong=3807a 24 טָמְאָֽה טָמֵא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 19 advcl _ Gloss=become.unclean|Ref=EZK_22:3!15|MId=o260220030152|Strong=2930|Frame=A0:260220030061;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EZK_22:3!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַרְתָּ *you will say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | שֹׁפֶכֶת *\[which\] sheds* | participle active · qal | עִיר *O city* | דָּם *blood* | | | | בוֹא *come* | infinitive construct · qal | עִתּ *time* | | | | | עָשְׂתָה *it has made* | weqatal · qal | עִיר *O city* | גִלּוּלִים *idols* | | | | טָמְאָֽה *become unclean* | infinitive construct · qal | עִיר *O city* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתֵימַר כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים קַרְתָּא דְאַשְׁדֵי דַם זַכַּאי בְּגַוָהּ מְטָא עִדַן תַּבְרָהּ וּדְפָלְחִין לְטַעֲוָתָא בְגַוָהּ בְּדִיל לְסַאֲבוּתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And thou shalt say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: O city that sheddest blood in the midst of thee, that thy time may come, and that makest idols unto thyself to defile thee;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.541/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:514`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 22:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.2/) - next →: [Ezekiel 22:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.4/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/22/)