--- title: Ezekiel 22:7 — In thee have they made light of father and mother; in the midst of t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: In thee have they made light of father and mother; in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the stranger; in thee have they wronged the fatherless and the widow. Who acts: princes. Ezekiel 22:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/22/) / 22:7 # Ezekiel 22:7 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** princes · **What happens:** make, deal, wrong, light · **To what, where:** light, thee, midst, fatherless, father This is Ezekiel 22:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — princes — and what happens in the verse to light, thee, midst, fatherless, father, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אָ֤ב וָאֵם֙ הֵקַ֣לּוּ בָ֔ךְ לַגֵּ֛ר עָשׂ֥וּ בַעֹ֖שֶׁק בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ יָת֥וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה ה֥וֹנוּ בָֽךְ׃ [In thee have they made light of father and mother; in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the stranger; in thee have they wronged the fatherless and the widow.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.545/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:518 # text = אָ֤ב וָאֵם֙ הֵקַ֣לּוּ בָ֔ךְ לַגֵּ֛ר עָשׂ֥וּ בַעֹ֖שֶׁק בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ יָת֥וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה ה֥וֹנוּ בָֽךְ׃ # verse = EZK.22.7 1 אָ֤ב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=father|Ref=EZK_22:7!1|MId=o260220070011|Strong=0001 2-3 וָאֵם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:7!2|MId=o260220070021|Strong=2050b 3 אֵם֙ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=mother|Ref=EZK_22:7!2|MId=o260220070022|Strong=0517 4 הֵקַ֣לּוּ קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.treated.with.contempt|Ref=EZK_22:7!3|MId=o260220070031|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:;A1:260220070011;260220070022;|Type=qatal 5-6 בָ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_22:7!4|MId=o260220070041|Strong=0871a 6 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_22:7!4|MId=o260220070042|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 7-9 לַגֵּ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_22:7!5|MId=o260220070051|Strong=3807a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_22:7!5|MId=o260220070051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 גֵּ֛ר גֵּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=sojourner|Ref=EZK_22:7!5|MId=o260220070052|Strong=1616 10 עָשׂ֥וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.acted|Ref=EZK_22:7!6|MId=o260220070061|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 11-13 בַעֹ֖שֶׁק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EZK_22:7!7|MId=o260220070071|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZK_22:7!7|MId=o260220070071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 עֹ֖שֶׁק עֹשֶׁק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=oppression|Ref=EZK_22:7!7|MId=o260220070072|Strong=6233 14-16 בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_22:7!8|MId=o260220070081|Strong=0871a 15 תוֹכ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.midst|Ref=EZK_22:7!8|MId=o260220070082|Strong=8432 16 ֵ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.you|Ref=EZK_22:7!8|MId=o260220070083|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 17 יָת֥וֹם יָתוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=fatherless.one|Ref=EZK_22:7!9|MId=o260220070091|Strong=3490 18-19 וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_22:7!10|MId=o260220070101|Strong=2050b 19 אַלְמָנָ֖ה אַלְמָנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=widow|Ref=EZK_22:7!10|MId=o260220070102|Strong=0490 20 ה֥וֹנוּ יָנָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.maltreated|Ref=EZK_22:7!11|MId=o260220070111|Strong=3238|Frame=A0:;A1:260220070091;260220070102;|Type=qatal 21-22 בָֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_22:7!12|MId=o260220070121|Strong=0871a 22 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_22:7!12|MId=o260220070122|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EZK_22:7!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֵקַלּוּ *they have treated with contempt* | qatal · hiphil | | אָב *father* + אֵם *mother* | | | | עָשׂוּ *they have acted* | qatal · qal | | | | | | הוֹנוּ *they have maltreated* | qatal · hiphil | | יָתוֹם *fatherless one* + אַלְמָנָה *widow* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אַבָּא וְאִמָא אָקִילוּ בָךְ לְגִיוֹרָא אֲנִיסוּ אוֹנְסָא בְּגַוִיךְ יַתְמִין וְאַרְמְלָן אוֹנִיאוּ בִיךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [In thee have they made light of father and mother; in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the stranger; in thee have they wronged the fatherless and the widow.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.545/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:518`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 22:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.6/) - next →: [Ezekiel 22:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.22.8/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/22/)