--- title: Ezekiel 23:37 — For they have committed adultery, and blood is in their hands, and w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For they have committed adultery, and blood is in their hands, and with their idols have they committed adultery; and their sons, whom they bore unto Me, they have also set apart unto them to be devoured. Who acts: abominations, blood. Ezekiel 23:37 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonatha --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.23.37/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/23/) / 23:37 # Ezekiel 23:37 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** abominations, blood · **What happens:** commit, be, bear, set apart, devour · **To what, where:** adultery, hands, sons This is Ezekiel 23:37 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — abominations, blood — and what happens in the verse to adultery, hands, sons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃ [For they have committed adultery, and blood is in their hands, and with their idols have they committed adultery; and their sons, whom they bore unto Me, they have also set apart unto them to be devoured.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.608/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:579 # text = כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃ # verse = EZK.23.37 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EZK_23:37!1|MId=o260230370011|Strong=3588 2 נִאֵ֗פוּ נָאַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.committed.adultery|Ref=EZK_23:37!2|MId=o260230370021|Strong=5003|Frame=A0:260230360081;260230360101;|Type=qatal 3-4 וְדָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_23:37!3|MId=o260230370031|Strong=2050b 4 דָם֙ דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=blood|Ref=EZK_23:37!3|MId=o260230370032|Strong=1818 5-7 בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=EZK_23:37!4|MId=o260230370041|Strong=0871a 6 ידֵי יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 2 conj _ Gloss=hands|Ref=EZK_23:37!4|MId=o260230370042|Strong=3027 7 הֶ֔ן הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_23:37!4|MId=o260230370043|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_23:37!5|MId=o260230370051|Strong=2050b 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EZK_23:37!5|MId=o260230370052|Strong=0854 10-11 גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 גִּלּֽוּלֵי גִּלּוּלִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=idols|Ref=EZK_23:37!6|MId=o260230370061|Strong=1544 11 הֶ֖ן הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_23:37!6|MId=o260230370062|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 12 נִאֵ֑פוּ נָאַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.have.committed.adultery|Ref=EZK_23:37!7|MId=o260230370071|Strong=5003|Frame=A0:260230360081;260230360101;|Type=qatal 13-14 וְגַ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_23:37!8|MId=o260230370081|Strong=2050b 14 גַ֤ם גַּם ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=EZK_23:37!8|MId=o260230370082|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_23:37!9|MId=o260230370091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 בְּנֵיהֶן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 obj _ Gloss=children|Ref=EZK_23:37!10|MId=o260230370101|Strong=1121 17 הֶן֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_23:37!10|MId=o260230370102|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 18 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=EZK_23:37!11|MId=o260230370111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 19 יָֽלְדוּ־ יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 16 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.bore|Ref=EZK_23:37!12|MId=o260230370121|Strong=3205|Frame=A0:260230360081;260230360101;A1:260230370101;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 לִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 ל לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_23:37!13|MId=o260230370131|Strong=3807a 21 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=EZK_23:37!13|MId=o260230370132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 22 הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.made.pass.through|Ref=EZK_23:37!14|MId=o260230370141|Strong=5674|Frame=AA:260230360081;260230360101;A0:260230370101;|Type=qatal 23-24 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_23:37!15|MId=o260230370151|Strong=3807a 24 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_23:37!15|MId=o260230370152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25-26 לְאָכְלָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_23:37!16|MId=o260230370161|Strong=3807a 26 אָכְלָֽה אׇכְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=food|Ref=EZK_23:37!16|MId=o260230370162|Strong=0402 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EZK_23:37!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִאֵפוּ *they have committed adultery* | qatal · piel | | | | | | נִאֵפוּ *they have committed adultery* | qatal · piel | | | | | | יָֽלְדוּ־ *they bore* | qatal · qal | | בְּנֵי *children* | | | | הֶעֱבִירוּ *they made pass through* | qatal · hiphil | בְּנֵי *children* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי זַנָאִין בְּהֶן וְדַם זַכַּאי אֲשָׁדוּ בִידֵיהֶן וּבָתַר פוּלְחַן טַעֲוַתְהֶן טְעוֹ וְאַף יַת בְּנֵיהֶן דַעֲתִידִין לְמִיפַּק מִנְהֶן תּוּלְדַת קוּדְשָׁא קֳדָמַי אַעֲבִירוּ לְהֵן לְפוּלְחַן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For they have committed adultery, and blood is in their hands, and with their idols have they committed adultery; and their sons, whom they bore unto Me, they have also set apart unto them to be devoured.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.608/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:579`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 23:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.23.36/) - next →: [Ezekiel 23:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.23.38/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/23/)