--- title: Ezekiel 26:3 — Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Tyre… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Tyre, and will cause many nations to come up against thee, as the sea causeth its waves to come up. Who acts: Lord GOD, I, many nations, sea. Ezekiel 26:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.26.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/26/) / 26:3 # Ezekiel 26:3 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** Lord GOD, I, many nations, sea, waves · **What happens:** say, be, cause, come up, wave · **To what, where:** many nations, thee, waves · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 26:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord GOD, I, many nations, sea, waves — and what happens in the verse to many nations, thee, waves, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י עָלַ֖יִךְ צֹ֑ר וְהַעֲלֵיתִ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים כְּהַעֲל֥וֹת הַיָּ֖ם לְגַלָּֽיו׃ [Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Tyre, and will cause many nations to come up against thee, as the sea causeth its waves to come up.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.668/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:638 # text = לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י עָלַ֖יִךְ צֹ֑ר וְהַעֲלֵיתִ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים כְּהַעֲל֥וֹת הַיָּ֖ם לְגַלָּֽיו׃ # verse = EZK.26.3 1-2 לָכֵ֗ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=EZK_26:3!1|MId=o260260030011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵ֗ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_26:3!1|MId=o260260030012|Strong=3651 3 כֹּ֤ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_26:3!2|MId=o260260030021|Strong=3541 4 אָמַר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_26:3!3|MId=o260260030031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260260030041;|Type=qatal 5-6 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_26:3!4|MId=o260260030041|Strong=0136 6 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_26:3!4|MId=o260260030042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 יְהוִ֔ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 5 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_26:3!5|MId=o260260030051|Strong=3069 8-9 הִנְנִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=EZK_26:3!6|MId=o260260030061|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 9 ְנִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_26:3!6|MId=o260260030062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10-11 עָלַ֖יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 עָלַ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[am].on|Ref=EZK_26:3!7|MId=o260260030071|Strong=5921 11 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 ccomp _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_26:3!7|MId=o260260030072|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 12 צֹ֑ר צֹר PROPN _ _ 11 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Tyre|Ref=EZK_26:3!8|MId=o260260030081|Strong=6865 13-14 וְהַעֲלֵיתִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_26:3!9|MId=o260260030091|Strong=2050b 14 הַעֲלֵיתִ֤י עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 11 conj _ Gloss=I.will.bring.up|Ref=EZK_26:3!9|MId=o260260030092|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:260260030041;A0:260260030111;|Type=weqatal 15-16 עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עָלַ֙י עַל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_26:3!10|MId=o260260030101|Strong=5921 16 ִךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_26:3!10|MId=o260260030102|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 17 גּוֹיִ֣ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=EZK_26:3!11|MId=o260260030111|Strong=1471 18 רַבִּ֔ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=EZK_26:3!12|MId=o260260030121|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 19-20 כְּהַעֲל֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=EZK_26:3!13|MId=o260260030131|Strong=3509a 20 הַעֲל֥וֹת עָלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 14 advcl _ Gloss=brings.up|Ref=EZK_26:3!13|MId=o260260030132|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:260260030041;A0:260260030142;|Type=infinitive_construct 21-22 הַיָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_26:3!14|MId=o260260030141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 יָּ֖ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EZK_26:3!14|MId=o260260030142|Strong=3220 23-25 לְגַלָּֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EZK_26:3!15|MId=o260260030151|Strong=3807a 24 גַלָּֽי גַּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=waves|Ref=EZK_26:3!15|MId=o260260030152|Strong=1530a 25 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZK_26:3!15|MId=o260260030153|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=EZK_26:3!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | הַעֲלֵיתִי *I will bring up* | weqatal · hiphil | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | הַעֲלוֹת *brings up* | infinitive construct · hiphil | יָּם *sea* | | | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים הָא אֲנָא שָׁלַח רוּגְזִי עֲלָךְ צוֹר וְאֶסַק עֲלָךְ מַשִׁרְיַת עַמְמִין סַגִיאִין כְּמֵיסַק יַמָא בְּאִתְרְגוּשַׁת גַלוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against thee, O Tyre, and will cause many nations to come up against thee, as the sea causeth its waves to come up.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.668/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:638`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 26:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.26.2/) - next →: [Ezekiel 26:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.26.4/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/26/)