--- title: Ezekiel 28:16 — By the multitude of thy traffic they filled the midst of thee with v… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: By the multitude of thy traffic they filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned; therefore have I cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God; and I have destroyed thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire. Who acts: ways, thou, I. Ezekiel 28:16 in Hebrew wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/28/) / 28:16 # Ezekiel 28:16 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** ways, thou, I · **What happens:** fill, sin, cast, destroy, cover · **To what, where:** midst, thee, mountain This is Ezekiel 28:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ways, thou, I — and what happens in the verse to midst, thee, mountain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּרֹ֣ב רְכֻלָּתְךָ֗ מָל֧וּ תוֹכְךָ֛ חָמָ֖ס וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א וָאֶחַלֶּלְךָ֩ מֵהַ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֤ים וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ֙ כְּר֣וּב הַסֹּכֵ֔ךְ מִתּ֖וֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃ [By the multitude of thy traffic they filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned; therefore have I cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God; and I have destroyed thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.739/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:708 # text = בְּרֹ֣ב רְכֻלָּתְךָ֗ מָל֧וּ תוֹכְךָ֛ חָמָ֖ס וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א וָאֶחַלֶּלְךָ֩ מֵהַ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֤ים וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ֙ כְּר֣וּב הַסֹּכֵ֔ךְ מִתּ֖וֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃ # verse = EZK.28.16 1-2 בְּרֹ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_28:16!1|MId=o260280160011|Strong=0871a 2 רֹ֣ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the.abundance|Ref=EZK_28:16!1|MId=o260280160012|Strong=7230 3-4 רְכֻלָּתְךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 רְכֻלָּת רְכֻלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.trade|Ref=EZK_28:16!2|MId=o260280160021|Strong=7404 4 ְךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_28:16!2|MId=o260280160022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 מָל֧וּ מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=people.filled|Ref=EZK_28:16!3|MId=o260280160031|Strong=4390|Frame=A1:260280160041;|Type=qatal 6-7 תוֹכְךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 תוֹכ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=of.you|Ref=EZK_28:16!4|MId=o260280160041|Strong=8432 7 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=EZK_28:16!4|MId=o260280160042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8 חָמָ֖ס חָמָס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=violence|Ref=EZK_28:16!5|MId=o260280160051|Strong=2555 9-10 וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_28:16!6|MId=o260280160061|Strong=2050b 10 תֶּחֱטָ֑א חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you.sinned|Ref=EZK_28:16!6|MId=o260280160062|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:260280120061;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-13 וָאֶחַלֶּלְךָ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_28:16!7|MId=o260280160071|Strong=2050b 12 אֶחַלֶּל חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_28:16!7|MId=o260280160072|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:260280120121;A1:260280160073;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 ְךָ֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=profaned.you|Ref=EZK_28:16!7|MId=o260280160073|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14-15 מֵהַ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_28:16!8|MId=o260280160081|Strong=4480 15 הַ֨ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.mountain|Ref=EZK_28:16!8|MId=o260280160082|Strong=2022 16 אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=EZK_28:16!9|MId=o260280160091|Strong=0430 17-19 וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וָֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_28:16!10|MId=o260280160101|Strong=2050b 18 אַבֶּד אָבַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_28:16!10|MId=o260280160102|Strong=0006|Frame=A0:260280120121;A1:260280160103;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ Gloss=destroyed.you|Ref=EZK_28:16!10|MId=o260280160103|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 20 כְּר֣וּב כְּרוּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 dislocated _ Gloss=O.cherub|Ref=EZK_28:16!11|MId=o260280160111|Strong=3742 21-22 הַסֹּכֵ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=EZK_28:16!12|MId=o260280160121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 סֹּכֵ֔ךְ סָכַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 20 appos _ Gloss=covers|Ref=EZK_28:16!12|MId=o260280160122|Strong=5526|Frame=A0:260280160111;|Type=participle_active 23-24 מִתּ֖וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=EZK_28:16!13|MId=o260280160131|Strong=4480 24 תּ֖וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=middle|Ref=EZK_28:16!13|MId=o260280160132|Strong=8432 25 אַבְנֵי־ אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].stones|Ref=EZK_28:16!14|MId=o260280160141|Strong=0068|SpaceAfter=No 26 אֵֽשׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.fire|Ref=EZK_28:16!15|MId=o260280160151|Strong=0784|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EZK_28:16!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָלוּ *people filled* | qatal · qal | | תוֹכ *of you* | | | | תֶּחֱטָא *you sinned* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֶחַלֶּל *I* | wayyiqtol · piel | | ְךָ *profaned you* | | | | אַבֶּד *I* | wayyiqtol · piel | | ְךָ *destroyed you* | | | | סֹּכֵךְ *covers* | participle active · qal | כְּרוּב *O cherub* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בִּסְגִיאוּת סְחוֹרְתָּךְ אִתְמְלִיאוּ אוֹצְרָךְ חֲטוֹף וְחַבְתָּא וַאֲפִסִינָךְ עַל דִבְסַרְתָּ עַל טוּר קוּדְשָׁא דַייָ וְאַבְּדִינָךְ מַלְכָּא דְרַבְּתָנָא עַל דִי סְבַרְתָּא לְמִשְׁלַט בְּעַמָא קַדִישָׁא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [By the multitude of thy traffic they filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned; therefore have I cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God; and I have destroyed thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.739/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:708`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 28:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.15/) - next →: [Ezekiel 28:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.17/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/28/)