--- title: Ezekiel 28:7 — Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations; and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness. Who acts: I, strangers. Ezekiel 28:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/28/) / 28:7 # Ezekiel 28:7 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** I, strangers · **What happens:** bring, draw, defile · **To what, where:** strangers, swords, brightness This is Ezekiel 28:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, strangers — and what happens in the verse to strangers, swords, brightness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵ֗ן הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ זָרִ֔ים עָרִיצֵ֖י גּוֹיִ֑ם וְהֵרִ֤יקוּ חַרְבוֹתָם֙ עַל־יְפִ֣י חָכְמָתֶ֔ךָ וְחִלְּל֖וּ יִפְעָתֶֽךָ׃ [Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations; and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.729/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:699 # text = לָכֵ֗ן הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ זָרִ֔ים עָרִיצֵ֖י גּוֹיִ֑ם וְהֵרִ֤יקוּ חַרְבוֹתָם֙ עַל־יְפִ֣י חָכְמָתֶ֔ךָ וְחִלְּל֖וּ יִפְעָתֶֽךָ׃ # verse = EZK.28.7 1-2 לָכֵ֗ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=EZK_28:7!1|MId=o260280070011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵ֗ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_28:7!1|MId=o260280070012|Strong=3651 3-4 הִנְנִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=EZK_28:7!2|MId=o260280070021|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 4 ְנִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_28:7!2|MId=o260280070022|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 מֵבִ֤יא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[am].about.to.bring|Ref=EZK_28:7!3|MId=o260280070031|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:260280070022;A0:260280070051;|Type=participle_active 6-7 עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 עָלֶ֙י עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_28:7!4|MId=o260280070041|Strong=5921 7 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_28:7!4|MId=o260280070042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8 זָרִ֔ים זָר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=strangers|Ref=EZK_28:7!5|MId=o260280070051|Strong=2114b|Type=adjective 9 עָרִיצֵ֖י עָרִיץ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=ruthless.[ones]|Ref=EZK_28:7!6|MId=o260280070061|Strong=6184|Type=adjective 10 גּוֹיִ֑ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.nations|Ref=EZK_28:7!7|MId=o260280070071|Strong=1471 11-12 וְהֵרִ֤יקוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_28:7!8|MId=o260280070081|Strong=2050b 12 הֵרִ֤יקוּ רִיק VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.draw|Ref=EZK_28:7!8|MId=o260280070082|Strong=7324a|Frame=AA:260280070051;A0:260280070091;|Type=weqatal 13-14 חַרְבוֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 חַרְבוֹת חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 12 obj _ Gloss=swords|Ref=EZK_28:7!9|MId=o260280070091|Strong=2719 14 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_28:7!9|MId=o260280070092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_28:7!10|MId=o260280070101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 16 יְפִ֣י יֳפִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.beauty|Ref=EZK_28:7!11|MId=o260280070111|Strong=3308 17-18 חָכְמָתֶ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 חָכְמָת חׇכְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.wisdom|Ref=EZK_28:7!12|MId=o260280070121|Strong=2451 18 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_28:7!12|MId=o260280070122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְחִלְּל֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_28:7!13|MId=o260280070131|Strong=2050b 20 חִלְּל֖וּ חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.profane|Ref=EZK_28:7!13|MId=o260280070132|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:260280070051;A1:260280070141;|Type=weqatal 21-22 יִפְעָתֶֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 יִפְעָת יִפְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=splendor|Ref=EZK_28:7!14|MId=o260280070141|Strong=3314 22 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_28:7!14|MId=o260280070142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EZK_28:7!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מֵבִיא *\[am\] about to bring* | participle active · hiphil | זָרִים *strangers* | | | ְנִי *I* | | הֵרִיקוּ *they will draw* | weqatal · hiphil | חַרְבוֹת *swords* | | | זָרִים *strangers* | | חִלְּלוּ *they will profane* | weqatal · piel | זָרִים *strangers* | יִפְעָת *splendor* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן הָא אֲנָא מַיְתֵי עֲלָךְ נוּכְרָאִין תַּקִיפֵי עַמְמַיָא וְיִשְׁלְפוּן סַיְפֵיהוֹן עַל תִּקוּן חוּכְמְתָךְ וִיחַבְּלוּן זִיו אֵימָתָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore, behold, I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations; and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.729/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:699`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 28:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.6/) - next →: [Ezekiel 28:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.28.8/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/28/)