--- title: Ezekiel 3:18 — When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at thy hand. Who acts: I, Thou, same wicked man. Ezekiel 3:18 in Hebr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.3.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/3/) / 3:18 # Ezekiel 3:18 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** I, Thou, same wicked man · **What happens:** say, die, give, not warn, speak, warn · **To what, where:** house, wicked, wicked way, life, blood, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 3:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Thou, same wicked man — and what happens in the verse to house, wicked, wicked way, life, blood, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּאָמְרִ֤י לָֽרָשָׁע֙ מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א הִזְהַרְתּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֥א דִבַּ֛רְתָּ לְהַזְהִ֥יר רָשָׁ֛ע מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ הָרְשָׁעָ֖ה לְחַיֹּת֑וֹ ה֤וּא רָשָׁע֙ בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃ [When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at thy hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.59/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:55 # text = בְּאָמְרִ֤י לָֽרָשָׁע֙ מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א הִזְהַרְתּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֥א דִבַּ֛רְתָּ לְהַזְהִ֥יר רָשָׁ֛ע מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ הָרְשָׁעָ֖ה לְחַיֹּת֑וֹ ה֤וּא רָשָׁע֙ בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃ # verse = EZK.3.18 1-3 בְּאָמְרִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=EZK_3:18!1|MId=o260030180011|Strong=0871a 2 אָמְר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 parataxis _ Gloss=say|Ref=EZK_3:18!1|MId=o260030180012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260030180013;A1:260030180041;|Type=infinitive_construct 3 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_3:18!1|MId=o260030180013|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 4-6 לָֽרָשָׁע֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לָֽ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to.(the)|Ref=EZK_3:18!2|MId=o260030180021|Strong=3807a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=wicked|Ref=EZK_3:18!2|MId=o260030180021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 רָשָׁע֙ רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=[person]|Ref=EZK_3:18!2|MId=o260030180022|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 7 מ֣וֹת מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 obl:npmod _ Gloss=surely.(die)|Ref=EZK_3:18!3|MId=o260030180031|Strong=4191|Type=infinitive_absolute 8 תָּמ֔וּת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.die|Ref=EZK_3:18!4|MId=o260030180041|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:260030180023;|Type=yiqtol 9-10 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_3:18!5|MId=o260030180051|Strong=2050b 10 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_3:18!5|MId=o260030180052|Strong=3808|Type=negative 11-12 הִזְהַרְתּ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הִזְהַרְתּ זָהַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 32 parataxis _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_3:18!6|MId=o260030180061|Strong=2094a|Frame=AA:260030170011;A0:260030180062;|Type=qatal 12 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=have.warned.him|Ref=EZK_3:18!6|MId=o260030180062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_3:18!7|MId=o260030180071|Strong=2050b 14 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_3:18!7|MId=o260030180072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 דִבַּ֛רְתָּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 conj _ Gloss=you.have.spoken|Ref=EZK_3:18!8|MId=o260030180081|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:260030170011;|Type=qatal 16-17 לְהַזְהִ֥יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_3:18!9|MId=o260030180091|Strong=3807a 17 הַזְהִ֥יר זָהַר VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 15 advcl _ Gloss=warn|Ref=EZK_3:18!9|MId=o260030180092|Strong=2094a|Frame=AA:260030170011;A0:260030180101;|Type=infinitive_construct 18 רָשָׁ֛ע רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=a.wicked.[person]|Ref=EZK_3:18!10|MId=o260030180101|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 19-21 מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_3:18!11|MId=o260030180111|Strong=4480 20 דַּרְכּ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=way|Ref=EZK_3:18!11|MId=o260030180112|Strong=1870 21 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EZK_3:18!11|MId=o260030180113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 הָרְשָׁעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZK_3:18!12|MId=o260030180121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 רְשָׁעָ֖ה רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 amod _ Gloss=wicked|Ref=EZK_3:18!12|MId=o260030180122|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 24-26 לְחַיֹּת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_3:18!13|MId=o260030180131|Strong=3807a 25 חַיֹּת חָיָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 17 advcl _ Gloss=preserve|Ref=EZK_3:18!13|MId=o260030180132|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:260030170011;A1:260030180133;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=him.alive|Ref=EZK_3:18!13|MId=o260030180133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ Gloss=that|Ref=EZK_3:18!14|MId=o260030180141|Strong=1931|Type=personal 28 רָשָׁע֙ רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 amod _ Gloss=wicked.[person]|Ref=EZK_3:18!15|MId=o260030180151|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 29-31 בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_3:18!16|MId=o260030180161|Strong=0871a 30 עֲוֺנ עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=iniquity|Ref=EZK_3:18!16|MId=o260030180162|Strong=5771 31 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EZK_3:18!16|MId=o260030180163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32 יָמ֔וּת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.die|Ref=EZK_3:18!17|MId=o260030180171|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:260030180141;|Type=yiqtol 33-35 וְדָמ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_3:18!18|MId=o260030180181|Strong=2050b 34 דָמ דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 obj _ Gloss=blood|Ref=EZK_3:18!18|MId=o260030180182|Strong=1818 35 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EZK_3:18!18|MId=o260030180183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 36-38 מִיָּדְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_3:18!19|MId=o260030180191|Strong=4480 37 יָּד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 39 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EZK_3:18!19|MId=o260030180192|Strong=3027 38 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_3:18!19|MId=o260030180193|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 39 אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 32 conj _ Gloss=I.will.require|Ref=EZK_3:18!20|MId=o260030180201|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:260030160081;A1:260030180182;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EZK_3:18!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמְר *say* | infinitive construct · qal | ִי *I* | תָּמוּת *you will die* | | | | תָּמוּת *you will die* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** הִזְהַרְתּ *you* | qatal · hiphil | וֹ *have warned him* | | | | | **not** דִבַּרְתָּ *you have spoken* | qatal · piel | | | | | | הַזְהִיר *warn* | infinitive construct · hiphil | רָשָׁע *a wicked \[person\]* | | | | | חַיֹּת *preserve* | infinitive construct · piel | | וֹ *him alive* | | | | יָמוּת *he will die* | yiqtol · qal | הוּא *that* | | | | | אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ *I will require* | yiqtol · piel | | דָמ *blood* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כַּד אֲמָרֵית לְרַשִׁיעָא מֵימַת תְּמוּת וְלָא אַזְהַרְתֵּיהּ וְלָא מַלֵילְתָּא לְאַזְהָרָה רַשִׁיעָא מֵאוֹרְחֵיהּ דְרִשְׁעָא לְקַיָמוּתֵהּ הוּא רַשִׁיעָא בְּחוֹבֵיהּ יְמוּת וּדְמֵיהּ מִן יְדָךְ אֶתְּבַע: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [When I say unto the wicked: Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at thy hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.59/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:55`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.3.17/) - next →: [Ezekiel 3:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.3.19/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/3/)