--- title: Ezekiel 30:12 — And I will make the rivers dry, and will give the land over into the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I will make the rivers dry, and will give the land over into the hand of evil men; and I will make the land desolate, and all that is therein, by the hand of strangers; I the LORD have spoken it. Who acts: I. Ezekiel 30:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.30.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/30/) / 30:12 # Ezekiel 30:12 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** I · **What happens:** make, give over, be, speak · **To what, where:** rivers, land, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 30:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to rivers, land, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְנָתַתִּ֤י יְאֹרִים֙ חָֽרָבָ֔ה וּמָכַרְתִּ֥י אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ בְּיַד־רָעִ֑ים וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֞י אֶ֤רֶץ וּמְלֹאָהּ֙ בְּיַד־זָרִ֔ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבַּֽרְתִּי׃ס [And I will make the rivers dry, and will give the land over into the hand of evil men; and I will make the land desolate, and all that is therein, by the hand of strangers; I the LORD have spoken it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.782/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:751 # text = וְנָתַתִּ֤י יְאֹרִים֙ חָֽרָבָ֔ה וּמָכַרְתִּ֥י אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ בְּיַד־רָעִ֑ים וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֞י אֶ֤רֶץ וּמְלֹאָהּ֙ בְּיַד־זָרִ֔ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבַּֽרְתִּי׃ס # verse = EZK.30.12 1-2 וְנָתַתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_30:12!1|MId=o260300120011|Strong=2050b 2 נָתַתִּ֤י נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.make|Ref=EZK_30:12!1|MId=o260300120012|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:260300100031;A1:260300120021;|Type=weqatal 3 יְאֹרִים֙ יְאֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=canals|Ref=EZK_30:12!2|MId=o260300120021|Strong=2975 4 חָֽרָבָ֔ה חָרָבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 xcomp _ Gloss=dry.ground|Ref=EZK_30:12!3|MId=o260300120031|Strong=2724 5-6 וּמָכַרְתִּ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_30:12!4|MId=o260300120041|Strong=2050b 6 מָכַרְתִּ֥י מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.sell|Ref=EZK_30:12!4|MId=o260300120042|Strong=4376|Frame=A0:260300100031;A1:260300120062;|Type=weqatal 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_30:12!5|MId=o260300120051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הָאָ֖רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_30:12!6|MId=o260300120061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אָ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=EZK_30:12!6|MId=o260300120062|Strong=0776 10-11 בְּיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=EZK_30:12!7|MId=o260300120071|Strong=0871a 11 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EZK_30:12!7|MId=o260300120072|Strong=3027 12 רָעִ֑ים רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.wicked.[people]|Ref=EZK_30:12!8|MId=o260300120081|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 13-14 וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_30:12!9|MId=o260300120091|Strong=2050b 14 הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֞י שָׁמֵם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.devastate|Ref=EZK_30:12!9|MId=o260300120092|Strong=8074|Frame=AA:260300100031;A0:260300120101;260300120112;|Type=weqatal 15 אֶ֤רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=[the].land|Ref=EZK_30:12!10|MId=o260300120101|Strong=0776 16-18 וּמְלֹאָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_30:12!11|MId=o260300120111|Strong=2050b 17 מְלֹא מְלֹא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=what|Ref=EZK_30:12!11|MId=o260300120112|Strong=4393 18 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=fills.it|Ref=EZK_30:12!11|MId=o260300120113|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 19-20 בְּיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=by.[the]|Ref=EZK_30:12!12|MId=o260300120121|Strong=0871a 20 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EZK_30:12!12|MId=o260300120122|Strong=3027 21 זָרִ֔ים זָר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strangers|Ref=EZK_30:12!13|MId=o260300120131|Strong=2114b|Type=adjective 22 אֲנִ֥י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_30:12!14|MId=o260300120141|Strong=0589|Type=personal 23 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 22 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_30:12!15|MId=o260300120151|Strong=3068 24 דִּבַּֽרְתִּי דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 parataxis _ Gloss=I.have.spoken|Ref=EZK_30:12!16|MId=o260300120161|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:260300120141;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EZK_30:12!16|SpaceAfter=No 26 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EZK_30:12!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָתַתִּי *I will make* | weqatal · qal | | יְאֹרִים *canals* | | | | מָכַרְתִּי *I will sell* | weqatal · qal | | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | הֲשִׁמֹּתִי *I will devastate* | weqatal · hiphil | אֶרֶץ *\[the\] land* + מְלֹא *what* | | | | | דִּבַּֽרְתִּי *I have spoken* | qatal · piel | אֲנִי *I* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאֶתֵּן נַהֲרֵיהוֹן יַבֶּשְׁתָּא וְאֶמְסַר יַת אַרְעָא בְּיַד מַבְאֲשִׁין וְאַצְדֵי אַרְעָא וּמְלָהָא בְּיַד רְשִׁיעִין אֲנָא יְיָ גְזָרִית בְּמֵימְרִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I will make the rivers dry, and will give the land over into the hand of evil men; and I will make the land desolate, and all that is therein, by the hand of strangers; I the LORD have spoken it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.782/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:751`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 30:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.30.11/) - next →: [Ezekiel 30:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.30.13/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/30/)