--- title: Ezekiel 31:8 — The cedars in the garden of God could not hide it; the cypress-trees… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The cedars in the garden of God could not hide it; the cypress-trees were not like its boughs, and the plane-trees were not as its branches; nor was any tree in the garden of God like unto it in its beauty. Who acts: cedars, cypress trees, plane trees. Ezekiel 31:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.31.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/31/) / 31:8 # Ezekiel 31:8 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** cedars, cypress trees, plane trees · **What happens:** not hide, not be, be · **To what, where:** field, tree, garden This is Ezekiel 31:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cedars, cypress trees, plane trees — and what happens in the verse to field, tree, garden, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֲרָזִ֣ים לֹֽא־עֲמָמֻהוּ֮ בְּגַן־אֱלֹהִים֒ בְּרוֹשִׁ֗ים לֹ֤א דָמוּ֙ אֶל־סְעַפֹּתָ֔יו וְעַרְמֹנִ֥ים לֹֽא־הָי֖וּ כְּפֹֽארֹתָ֑יו כָּל־עֵץ֙ בְּגַן־אֱלֹהִ֔ים לֹא־דָמָ֥ה אֵלָ֖יו בְּיָפְיֽוֹ׃ [The cedars in the garden of God could not hide it; the cypress-trees were not like its boughs, and the plane-trees were not as its branches; nor was any tree in the garden of God like unto it in its beauty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.804/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:773 # text = אֲרָזִ֣ים לֹֽא־עֲמָמֻהוּ֮ בְּגַן־אֱלֹהִים֒ בְּרוֹשִׁ֗ים לֹ֤א דָמוּ֙ אֶל־סְעַפֹּתָ֔יו וְעַרְמֹנִ֥ים לֹֽא־הָי֖וּ כְּפֹֽארֹתָ֑יו כָּל־עֵץ֙ בְּגַן־אֱלֹהִ֔ים לֹא־דָמָ֥ה אֵלָ֖יו בְּיָפְיֽוֹ׃ # verse = EZK.31.8 1 אֲרָזִ֣ים אֶרֶז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Gloss=cedars|Ref=EZK_31:8!1|MId=o260310080011|Strong=0730 2 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_31:8!2|MId=o260310080021|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 עֲמָמֻהוּ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עֲמָמֻ עָמַם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they|Ref=EZK_31:8!3|MId=o260310080031|Strong=6004a|Frame=A0:260310080011;A1:260310080032;|Type=qatal 4 הוּ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ Gloss=eclipsed.it|Ref=EZK_31:8!3|MId=o260310080032|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 5-6 בְּגַן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_31:8!4|MId=o260310080041|Strong=0871a 6 גַן־ גַּן NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=the.garden|Ref=EZK_31:8!4|MId=o260310080042|Strong=1588 7 אֱלֹהִים֒ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=EZK_31:8!5|MId=o260310080051|Strong=0430 8 בְּרוֹשִׁ֗ים בְּרוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ Gloss=fir.trees|Ref=EZK_31:8!6|MId=o260310080061|Strong=1265 9 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_31:8!7|MId=o260310080071|Strong=3808|Type=negative 10 דָמוּ֙ דָּמָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=they.were.like|Ref=EZK_31:8!8|MId=o260310080081|Strong=1819|Frame=A0:260310080061;|Type=qatal 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EZK_31:8!9|MId=o260310080091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 סְעַפֹּתָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 סְעַפֹּתָ֔י סְעַפָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=boughs|Ref=EZK_31:8!10|MId=o260310080101|Strong=5589 13 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZK_31:8!10|MId=o260310080102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְעַרְמֹנִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_31:8!11|MId=o260310080111|Strong=2050b 15 עַרְמֹנִ֥ים עַרְמוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ Gloss=plane.trees|Ref=EZK_31:8!11|MId=o260310080112|Strong=6196 16 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_31:8!12|MId=o260310080121|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 17 הָי֖וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 19 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=EZK_31:8!13|MId=o260310080131|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260310080112;|Type=qatal 18-20 כְּפֹֽארֹתָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=EZK_31:8!14|MId=o260310080141|Strong=3509a 19 פֹֽארֹתָ֑י פֹּארָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=branches|Ref=EZK_31:8!14|MId=o260310080142|Strong=6288 20 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZK_31:8!14|MId=o260310080143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EZK_31:8!15|MId=o260310080151|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 22 עֵץ֙ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=tree|Ref=EZK_31:8!16|MId=o260310080161|Strong=6086 23-24 בְּגַן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_31:8!17|MId=o260310080171|Strong=0871a 24 גַן־ גַּן NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 nmod _ Gloss=the.garden|Ref=EZK_31:8!17|MId=o260310080172|Strong=1588 25 אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=EZK_31:8!18|MId=o260310080181|Strong=0430 26 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_31:8!19|MId=o260310080191|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 27 דָמָ֥ה דָּמָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=it.was.like|Ref=EZK_31:8!20|MId=o260310080201|Strong=1819|Frame=A0:260310080161;|Type=qatal 28-29 אֵלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אֵלָ֖י אֶל ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EZK_31:8!21|MId=o260310080211|Strong=0413 29 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_31:8!21|MId=o260310080212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30-32 בְּיָפְיֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_31:8!22|MId=o260310080221|Strong=0871a 31 יָפְי יֳפִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=beauty|Ref=EZK_31:8!22|MId=o260310080222|Strong=3308 32 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZK_31:8!22|MId=o260310080223|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=EZK_31:8!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** עֲמָמֻ *they* | qatal · qal | אֲרָזִים *cedars* | הוּ *eclipsed it* | | | | **not** דָמוּ *they were like* | qatal · qal | בְּרוֹשִׁים *fir trees* | | | | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | עַרְמֹנִים *plane trees* | | | | | **not** דָמָה *it was like* | qatal · qal | עֵץ *tree* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מַלְכִין תַּקִיפִין לָא אִתְנְצָחוּ לְקִבְלֵהּ בִּתְקוֹף גְבוּרָא דַהֲוַת עִמֵהּ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ שִׁלְטוֹנִין לָא קָמוּ קֳדָם מַשִׁרְיָתֵיהּ וְגִבָּרִין לָא יָכִילוּ כְּסִימְכְוָתֵיהּ בִּתְקוֹף גְבוּרָא דַהֲוַת עִמֵיהּ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לָא דָמֵיהּ לֵיהּ בְּתוּקְפֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The cedars in the garden of God could not hide it; the cypress-trees were not like its boughs, and the plane-trees were not as its branches; nor was any tree in the garden of God like unto it in its beauty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.804/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:773`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.31.7/) - next →: [Ezekiel 31:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.31.9/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/31/)