--- title: Ezekiel 32:27 — And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with the mighty that are gone down to the nether-world with their weapons of war, whose swords are laid under their heads, and whose iniquities are upon their bones; because the terror of the mighty was in the land of the living. Who acts --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/32/) / 32:27 # Ezekiel 32:27 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** graves, iniquities, terror · **What happens:** be, not lie, go down, lay · **To what, where:** swords, heads, land This is Ezekiel 32:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — graves, iniquities, terror — and what happens in the verse to swords, heads, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁכְּבוּ֙ אֶת־גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים נֹפְלִ֖ים מֵעֲרֵלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָרְדֽוּ־שְׁא֣וֹל בִּכְלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתָּם֩ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אֶת־חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם תַּ֣חַת רָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם וַתְּהִ֤י עֲוֺֽנֹתָם֙ עַל־עַצְמוֹתָ֔ם כִּֽי־חִתִּ֥ית גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃ [And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with the mighty that are gone down to the nether-world with their weapons of war, whose swords are laid under their heads, and whose iniquities are upon their bones; because the terror of the mighty was in the land of the living.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.843/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:810 # text = וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁכְּבוּ֙ אֶת־גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים נֹפְלִ֖ים מֵעֲרֵלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָרְדֽוּ־שְׁא֣וֹל בִּכְלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתָּם֩ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אֶת־חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם תַּ֣חַת רָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם וַתְּהִ֤י עֲוֺֽנֹתָם֙ עַל־עַצְמוֹתָ֔ם כִּֽי־חִתִּ֥ית גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃ # verse = EZK.32.27 1-2 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_32:27!1|MId=o260320270011|Strong=2050b 2 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_32:27!1|MId=o260320270012|Strong=3808|Type=negative 3 יִשְׁכְּבוּ֙ שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.lie|Ref=EZK_32:27!2|MId=o260320270021|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:260320260051;|Type=yiqtol 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EZK_32:27!3|MId=o260320270031|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 5 גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=warriors|Ref=EZK_32:27!4|MId=o260320270041|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 6 נֹפְלִ֖ים נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 nmod _ Gloss=[who.have].fallen|Ref=EZK_32:27!5|MId=o260320270051|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:260320270041;|Type=participle_active 7-8 מֵעֲרֵלִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_32:27!6|MId=o260320270061|Strong=4480 8 עֲרֵלִ֑ים עָרֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nmod _ Gloss=uncircumcised.[men]|Ref=EZK_32:27!6|MId=o260320270062|Strong=6189|Type=adjective 9 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EZK_32:27!7|MId=o260320270071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 10 יָרְדֽוּ־ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.went.down|Ref=EZK_32:27!8|MId=o260320270081|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:260320270041;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 11 שְׁא֣וֹל שְׁאוֹל PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Sheol|Ref=EZK_32:27!9|MId=o260320270091|Strong=7585 12-13 בִּכְלֵֽי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EZK_32:27!10|MId=o260320270101|Strong=0871a 13 כְלֵֽי־ כְּלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=the.weapons|Ref=EZK_32:27!10|MId=o260320270102|Strong=3627 14-15 מִלְחַמְתָּם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מִלְחַמְתּ מִלְחֶמֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.war|Ref=EZK_32:27!11|MId=o260320270111|Strong=4421 15 ָם֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_32:27!11|MId=o260320270112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16-17 וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_32:27!12|MId=o260320270121|Strong=2050b 17 יִּתְּנ֨וּ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=people.put|Ref=EZK_32:27!12|MId=o260320270122|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:260320270041;A1:260320270141;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EZK_32:27!13|MId=o260320270131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 חַרְבוֹת חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 obj _ Gloss=swords|Ref=EZK_32:27!14|MId=o260320270141|Strong=2719 20 ָ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_32:27!14|MId=o260320270142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=EZK_32:27!15|MId=o260320270151|Strong=8478 22-23 רָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 רָאשֵׁי רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=heads|Ref=EZK_32:27!16|MId=o260320270161|Strong=7218 23 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_32:27!16|MId=o260320270162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וַתְּהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_32:27!17|MId=o260320270171|Strong=2050b 25 תְּהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EZK_32:27!17|MId=o260320270172|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260320270181;|Type=wayyiqtol 26-27 עֲוֺֽנֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 עֲוֺֽנֹת עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=iniquities|Ref=EZK_32:27!18|MId=o260320270181|Strong=5771 27 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_32:27!18|MId=o260320270182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_32:27!19|MId=o260320270191|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 עַצְמוֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 עַצְמוֹת עֶצֶם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=bones|Ref=EZK_32:27!20|MId=o260320270201|Strong=6106 30 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_32:27!20|MId=o260320270202|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 31 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EZK_32:27!21|MId=o260320270211|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 32 חִתִּ֥ית חִתִּית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=terror|Ref=EZK_32:27!22|MId=o260320270221|Strong=2851 33 גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.warriors|Ref=EZK_32:27!23|MId=o260320270231|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 34-35 בְּאֶ֥רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=[was].in.[the]|Ref=EZK_32:27!24|MId=o260320270241|Strong=0871a 35 אֶ֥רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 advcl _ Gloss=land|Ref=EZK_32:27!24|MId=o260320270242|Strong=0776 36 חַיִּֽים חַי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].living|Ref=EZK_32:27!25|MId=o260320270251|Strong=2416a|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=EZK_32:27!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יִשְׁכְּבוּ *they lie* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | נֹפְלִים *\[who have\] fallen* | participle active · qal | גִּבּוֹרִים *warriors* | | | | | יָרְדֽוּ־ *they went down* | qatal · qal | גִּבּוֹרִים *warriors* | | | | | יִּתְּנוּ *people put* | wayyiqtol · qal | גִּבּוֹרִים *warriors* | חַרְבוֹת *swords* | | | | תְּהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | עֲוֺֽנֹת *iniquities* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְלָא יִשְׁכְּבוּן עִם גִבָּרַיָא דְאִתְקְטָלוּ מֵחַיָבַיָא דְאִתְּחָתוּ לִשְׁאוֹל בְּמָנֵי קְרָבֵיהוֹן וִיחָבוּ יַת סַיְפֵיהוֹן תְּחוֹת רֵישֵׁיהוֹן וַהֲווֹ חוֹבֵיהוֹן עַל גָרְמֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי אִתְמְסִירוּ לִתְּבַר גִבָּרַיָא עַל דְשַׁלִיטוּ בְּאַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they that are inferior to the uncircumcised shall not lie with the mighty that are gone down to the nether-world with their weapons of war, whose swords are laid under their heads, and whose iniquities are upon their bones; because the terror of the mighty was in the land of the living.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.843/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:810`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 32:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.26/) - next →: [Ezekiel 32:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.32.28/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/32/)