--- title: Ezekiel 34:2 — 'Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: 'Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, even to the shepherds: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Woe unto the shepherds of Israel that have fed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the sheep? Who acts: you, Lord GOD, shepherds. Ezekiel 34:2 in Hebrew with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.34.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/34/) / 34:2 # Ezekiel 34:2 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** you, Lord GOD, shepherds · **What happens:** prophesy, say, feed, not feed · **To what, where:** shepherds, sheep · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 34:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, Lord GOD, shepherds — and what happens in the verse to shepherds, sheep, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הִנָּבֵ֖א עַל־רוֹעֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֩ אֲלֵיהֶ֨ם לָרֹעִ֜ים כֹּ֥האָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה ה֤וֹי רֹעֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָיוּ֙ רֹעִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם הֲל֣וֹא הַצֹּ֔אן יִרְע֖וּ הָרֹעִֽים׃ ['Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, even to the shepherds: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Woe unto the shepherds of Israel that have fed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the sheep?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.885/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:850 # text = בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הִנָּבֵ֖א עַל־רוֹעֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֩ אֲלֵיהֶ֨ם לָרֹעִ֜ים כֹּ֥האָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה ה֤וֹי רֹעֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָיוּ֙ רֹעִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם הֲל֣וֹא הַצֹּ֔אן יִרְע֖וּ הָרֹעִֽים׃ # verse = EZK.34.2 1 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 dislocated _ Gloss=O.son|Ref=EZK_34:2!1|MId=o260340020011|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 2 אָדָ֕ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.humankind|Ref=EZK_34:2!2|MId=o260340020021|Strong=0120 3 הִנָּבֵ֖א נָבָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 parataxis _ Gloss=prophesy|Ref=EZK_34:2!3|MId=o260340020031|Strong=5012|Frame=A0:260340020011;|Type=imperative 4 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_34:2!4|MId=o260340020041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 5 רוֹעֵ֣י רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 3 advcl _ Gloss=the.shepherds|Ref=EZK_34:2!5|MId=o260340020051|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active 6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_34:2!6|MId=o260340020061|Strong=3478 7 הִנָּבֵ֣א נָבָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=prophesy|Ref=EZK_34:2!7|MId=o260340020071|Strong=5012|Frame=A0:260340020011;|Type=imperative 8-9 וְאָמַרְתָּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_34:2!8|MId=o260340020081|Strong=2050b 9 אָמַרְתָּ֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=EZK_34:2!8|MId=o260340020082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260340020011;|Type=weqatal 10-11 אֲלֵיהֶ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_34:2!9|MId=o260340020091|Strong=0413 11 הֶ֨ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_34:2!9|MId=o260340020092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-14 לָרֹעִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_34:2!10|MId=o260340020101|Strong=3807a 13 ה הַ SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_34:2!10|MId=o260340020101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 רֹעִ֜ים רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 16 advcl _ Gloss=shepherds|Ref=EZK_34:2!10|MId=o260340020102|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active 15-16 כֹּ֥האָמַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 כֹּ֥ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_34:2!11|MId=o260340020111|Strong=3541 16 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_34:2!12|MId=o260340020121|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260340020131;|Type=qatal 17 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=EZK_34:2!12 18-19 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_34:2!13|MId=o260340020131|Strong=0136 19 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_34:2!13|MId=o260340020132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20 יְהוִ֗ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 18 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_34:2!14|MId=o260340020141|Strong=3069 21 ה֤וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 16 ccomp _ Gloss=woe.to!|Ref=EZK_34:2!15|MId=o260340020151|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 22 רֹעֵֽי־ רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 21 parataxis _ Gloss=the.shepherds|Ref=EZK_34:2!16|MId=o260340020161|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 23 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_34:2!17|MId=o260340020171|Strong=3478 24 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EZK_34:2!18|MId=o260340020181|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 הָיוּ֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 26 cop _ Gloss=they.have.been|Ref=EZK_34:2!19|MId=o260340020191|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260340020161;|Type=qatal 26 רֹעִ֣ים רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=shepherding|Ref=EZK_34:2!20|MId=o260340020201|Strong=7462|Frame=A0:260340020161;A1:260340020212;|Type=participle_active 27-28 אוֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_34:2!21|MId=o260340020211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 28 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=themselves|Ref=EZK_34:2!21|MId=o260340020212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 29-30 הֲל֣וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=EZK_34:2!22|MId=o260340020221|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 30 ל֣וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_34:2!22|MId=o260340020222|Strong=3808|Type=negative 31-32 הַצֹּ֔אן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_34:2!23|MId=o260340020231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 צֹּ֔אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 33 obj _ Gloss=flock|Ref=EZK_34:2!23|MId=o260340020232|Strong=6629 33 יִרְע֖וּ רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 21 parataxis _ Gloss=will.they.shepherd|Ref=EZK_34:2!24|MId=o260340020241|Strong=7462|Frame=A1:260340020232;A0:260340020252;|Type=yiqtol 34-35 הָרֹעִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_34:2!25|MId=o260340020251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 רֹעִֽים רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ Gloss=shepherds|Ref=EZK_34:2!25|MId=o260340020252|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=EZK_34:2!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִנָּבֵא *prophesy* | imperative · niphal | בֶּן־ *O son* | | | | | הִנָּבֵא *prophesy* | imperative · niphal | בֶּן־ *O son* | | | | | אָמַרְתָּ *you will say* | weqatal · qal | בֶּן־ *O son* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | הָיוּ *they have been* | qatal · qal | רֹעֵֽי־ *the shepherds* | | | | | רֹעִים *shepherding* | participle active · qal | רֹעֵֽי־ *the shepherds* | ָם *themselves* | | | | **not** יִרְעוּ *will they shepherd* | yiqtol · qal | רֹעִֽים *shepherds* | צֹּאן *flock* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בַּר אָדָם אִתְנַבֵּי עַל פַּרְנָסֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אִתְנַבֵּי וְתֵימַר לְהוֹן לְפַרְנְסַיָא כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים וַי עַל פַּרְנְסַיָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל דַהֲווֹ מְפַרְנְסִין נַפְשֵׁיהוֹן הֲלָא לְפַרְנָסָא עַמָא אִתְמְנִיאוּ פַּרְנָסַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. ['Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, even to the shepherds: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Woe unto the shepherds of Israel that have fed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the sheep?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.885/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:850`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 34:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.34.1/) - next →: [Ezekiel 34:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.34.3/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/34/)