--- title: Ezekiel 36:3 — therefore prophesy, and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Because, even… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: therefore prophesy, and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Because, even because they have made you desolate, and swallowed you up on every side, that ye might be a possession unto the rest of the nations, and ye are taken up in the lips of talkers, and the evil report of the people; Who acts: you, place --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.36.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/36/) / 36:3 # Ezekiel 36:3 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** you, places, ye · **What happens:** prophesy, say, make, swallow up, be, take up · **To what, where:** Lord GOD, you, side, possession, ye, lips · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 36:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, places, ye — and what happens in the verse to Lord GOD, you, side, possession, ye, lips, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵן֙ הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֔ כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה יַ֣עַן בְּיַ֡עַן שַׁמּוֹת֩ וְשָׁאֹ֨ף אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִסָּבִ֗יב לִֽהְיוֹתְכֶ֤ם מֽוֹרָשָׁה֙ לִשְׁאֵרִ֣ית הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַתֵּֽעֲל֛וּ עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת לָשׁ֖וֹן וְדִבַּת־עָֽם׃ [therefore prophesy, and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Because, even because they have made you desolate, and swallowed you up on every side, that ye might be a possession unto the rest of the nations, and ye are taken up in the lips of talkers, and the evil report of the people;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.932/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:897 # text = לָכֵן֙ הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֔ כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה יַ֣עַן בְּיַ֡עַן שַׁמּוֹת֩ וְשָׁאֹ֨ף אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִסָּבִ֗יב לִֽהְיוֹתְכֶ֤ם מֽוֹרָשָׁה֙ לִשְׁאֵרִ֣ית הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַתֵּֽעֲל֛וּ עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת לָשׁ֖וֹן וְדִבַּת־עָֽם׃ # verse = EZK.36.3 1-2 לָכֵן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=EZK_36:3!1|MId=o260360030011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵן֙ כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_36:3!1|MId=o260360030012|Strong=3651 3 הִנָּבֵ֣א נָבָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=prophesy|Ref=EZK_36:3!2|MId=o260360030021|Strong=5012|Frame=A0:260360010021;|Type=imperative 4-5 וְאָמַרְתָּ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_36:3!3|MId=o260360030031|Strong=2050b 5 אָמַרְתָּ֔ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=EZK_36:3!3|MId=o260360030032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260360010021;|Type=weqatal 6 כֹּ֥ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_36:3!4|MId=o260360030041|Strong=3541 7 אָמַ֖ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_36:3!5|MId=o260360030051|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260360030061;|Type=qatal 8-9 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_36:3!6|MId=o260360030061|Strong=0136 9 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_36:3!6|MId=o260360030062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10 יְהוִ֑ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 8 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_36:3!7|MId=o260360030071|Strong=3069 11 יַ֣עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 7 ccomp _ Gloss=because|Ref=EZK_36:3!8|MId=o260360030081|Strong=3282 12-13 בְּיַ֡עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZK_36:3!9|MId=o260360030091|Strong=0871a 13 יַ֡עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 11 nmod _ Gloss=cause|Ref=EZK_36:3!9|MId=o260360030092|Strong=3282 14 שַׁמּוֹת֩ שַׁמָּה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 acl _ Gloss=to.desolate|Ref=EZK_36:3!10|MId=o260360030101|Strong=8074|Frame=A0:260360020072;|Type=infinitive_construct 15-16 וְשָׁאֹ֨ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_36:3!11|MId=o260360030111|Strong=2050b 16 שָׁאֹ֨ף שָׁאַף VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 conj _ Gloss=to.trample.on|Ref=EZK_36:3!11|MId=o260360030112|Strong=7602a|Frame=A0:260360020072;A1:260360030122;|Type=infinitive_absolute 17-18 אֶתְכֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_36:3!12|MId=o260360030121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 ְכֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_36:3!12|MId=o260360030122|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 19-20 מִסָּבִ֗יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_36:3!13|MId=o260360030131|Strong=4480 20 סָּבִ֗יב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=round.about|Ref=EZK_36:3!13|MId=o260360030132|Strong=5439 21-23 לִֽהְיוֹתְכֶ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_36:3!14|MId=o260360030141|Strong=3807a 22 הְיוֹת הָיָה AUX _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 cop _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_36:3!14|MId=o260360030142|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260360030143;|Type=infinitive_construct 23 ְכֶ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=be|Ref=EZK_36:3!14|MId=o260360030143|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24 מֽוֹרָשָׁה֙ מוֹרָשָׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=a.possession|Ref=EZK_36:3!15|MId=o260360030151|Strong=4181 25-26 לִשְׁאֵרִ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_36:3!16|MId=o260360030161|Strong=3807a 26 שְׁאֵרִ֣ית שְׁאֵרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.rest|Ref=EZK_36:3!16|MId=o260360030162|Strong=7611 27-28 הַגּוֹיִ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_36:3!17|MId=o260360030171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 גּוֹיִ֔ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=EZK_36:3!17|MId=o260360030172|Strong=1471 29-30 וַתֵּֽעֲל֛וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_36:3!18|MId=o260360030181|Strong=2050b 30 תֵּֽעֲל֛וּ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 24 conj _ Gloss=you.have.been.taken.up|Ref=EZK_36:3!18|MId=o260360030182|Strong=5927|Frame=A1:260360010091;|Type=wayyiqtol 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_36:3!19|MId=o260360030191|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 32 שְׂפַ֥ת שָׂפָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=a.lip|Ref=EZK_36:3!20|MId=o260360030201|Strong=8193 33 לָשׁ֖וֹן לָשׁוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.tongue|Ref=EZK_36:3!21|MId=o260360030211|Strong=3956 34-35 וְדִבַּת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=EZK_36:3!22|MId=o260360030221|Strong=2050b 35 דִבַּת־ דִּבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 conj _ Gloss=whispering|Ref=EZK_36:3!22|MId=o260360030222|Strong=1681 36 עָֽם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].people|Ref=EZK_36:3!23|MId=o260360030231|Strong=5971|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=EZK_36:3!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִנָּבֵא *prophesy* | imperative · niphal | | | | | | אָמַרְתָּ *you will say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | שַׁמּוֹת *to desolate* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | שָׁאֹף *to trample on* | infinitive absolute · qal | | ְכֶם *you* | | | | הְיוֹת *to* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *be* | | | | | תֵּֽעֲלוּ *you have been taken up* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן אִתְנַבֵּי וְתֵימַר כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים חֲלַף דִי אִתְרַבְרְבוּ וַחֲלַף דַחֲשִׁיבוּ לְאַחֲרָבָא וּלְאַצְדָאָה יַתְכוֹן מִסְחוֹר סְחוֹר לְמֶהֱוֵיכוֹן יְרוּתָא לִשְׁאָרָא דְעַמְמַיָא וְאִתְאַמַרְתּוּן עַל שְׂפַת לִישָׁן וְרִנְנַת עָם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [therefore prophesy, and say: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Because, even because they have made you desolate, and swallowed you up on every side, that ye might be a possession unto the rest of the nations, and ye are taken up in the lips of talkers, and the evil report of the people;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.932/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:897`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 36:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.36.2/) - next →: [Ezekiel 36:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.36.4/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/36/)