--- title: Ezekiel 38:12 — to take the spoil and to take the prey; to turn thy hand against the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: to take the spoil and to take the prey; to turn thy hand against the waste places that are now inhabited, and against the people that are gathered out of the nations, that have gotten cattle and goods, that dwell in the middle of the earth. Who acts: people, nations. Ezekiel 38:12 in Hebrew with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/) / 38:12 # Ezekiel 38:12 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** people, nations · **What happens:** take, turn, inhabit, gather, get, dwell · **To what, where:** spoil, prey, hand, waste places, people, nations This is Ezekiel 38:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, nations — and what happens in the verse to spoil, prey, hand, waste places, people, nations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לִשְׁלֹ֥ל שָׁלָ֖ל וְלָבֹ֣ז בַּ֑ז לְהָשִׁ֨יב יָדְךָ֜ עַל־חֳרָב֣וֹת נוֹשָׁבֹ֗ת וְאֶל־עַם֙ מְאֻסָּ֣ף מִגּוֹיִ֔ם עֹשֶׂה֙ מִקְנֶ֣ה וְקִנְיָ֔ן יֹשְׁבֵ֖י עַל־טַבּ֥וּר הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [to take the spoil and to take the prey; to turn thy hand against the waste places that are now inhabited, and against the people that are gathered out of the nations, that have gotten cattle and goods, that dwell in the middle of the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1007/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:972 # text = לִשְׁלֹ֥ל שָׁלָ֖ל וְלָבֹ֣ז בַּ֑ז לְהָשִׁ֨יב יָדְךָ֜ עַל־חֳרָב֣וֹת נוֹשָׁבֹ֗ת וְאֶל־עַם֙ מְאֻסָּ֣ף מִגּוֹיִ֔ם עֹשֶׂה֙ מִקְנֶ֣ה וְקִנְיָ֔ן יֹשְׁבֵ֖י עַל־טַבּ֥וּר הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = EZK.38.12 1-2 לִשְׁלֹ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_38:12!1|MId=o260380120011|Strong=3807a 2 שְׁלֹ֥ל שָׁלַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=EZK_38:12!1|MId=o260380120012|Strong=7997|Frame=A0:260380030081;A1:260380120021;|Type=infinitive_construct 3 שָׁלָ֖ל שָׁלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=EZK_38:12!2|MId=o260380120021|Strong=7998 4-6 וְלָבֹ֣ז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:12!3|MId=o260380120031|Strong=2050b 5 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_38:12!3|MId=o260380120032|Strong=3807a 6 בֹ֣ז בָּזַז VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 conj _ Gloss=take.as.spoil|Ref=EZK_38:12!3|MId=o260380120033|Strong=0962|Frame=A0:260380030081;A1:260380120041;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 בַּ֑ז בַּז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=spoil|Ref=EZK_38:12!4|MId=o260380120041|Strong=0957 8-9 לְהָשִׁ֨יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_38:12!5|MId=o260380120051|Strong=3807a 9 הָשִׁ֨יב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 conj _ Gloss=turn|Ref=EZK_38:12!5|MId=o260380120052|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:260380030081;A0:260380120061;|Type=infinitive_construct 10-11 יָדְךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EZK_38:12!6|MId=o260380120061|Strong=3027 11 ְךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZK_38:12!6|MId=o260380120062|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_38:12!7|MId=o260380120071|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 13 חֳרָב֣וֹת חׇרְבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=waste.places|Ref=EZK_38:12!8|MId=o260380120081|Strong=2723 14 נוֹשָׁבֹ֗ת יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 13 nmod _ Gloss=inhabited|Ref=EZK_38:12!9|MId=o260380120091|Strong=3427|Frame=A1:260380120081;|Type=participle_passive 15-16 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:12!10|MId=o260380120101|Strong=2050b 16 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=EZK_38:12!10|MId=o260380120102|Strong=0413 17 עַם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=EZK_38:12!11|MId=o260380120111|Strong=5971 18 מְאֻסָּ֣ף אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[which.has.been].gathered|Ref=EZK_38:12!12|MId=o260380120121|Strong=0622|Frame=A1:260380120111;|Type=participle_passive 19-20 מִגּוֹיִ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_38:12!13|MId=o260380120131|Strong=4480 20 גּוֹיִ֔ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=nations|Ref=EZK_38:12!13|MId=o260380120132|Strong=1471 21 עֹשֶׂה֙ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[which.has].acquired|Ref=EZK_38:12!14|MId=o260380120141|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:260380120111;A1:260380120151;260380120162;|Type=participle_active 22 מִקְנֶ֣ה מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=EZK_38:12!15|MId=o260380120151|Strong=4735 23-24 וְקִנְיָ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:12!16|MId=o260380120161|Strong=2050b 24 קִנְיָ֔ן קִנְיָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=property|Ref=EZK_38:12!16|MId=o260380120162|Strong=7075 25 יֹשְׁבֵ֖י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[who].dwell|Ref=EZK_38:12!17|MId=o260380120171|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:260380120111;|Type=participle_active 26 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EZK_38:12!18|MId=o260380120181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 27 טַבּ֥וּר טַבּוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.center|Ref=EZK_38:12!19|MId=o260380120191|Strong=2872 28-29 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_38:12!20|MId=o260380120201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=EZK_38:12!20|MId=o260380120202|Strong=0776 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁלֹל *plunder* | infinitive construct · qal | | שָׁלָל *plunder* | | | | בֹז *take as spoil* | infinitive construct · qal | | בַּז *spoil* | | | | הָשִׁיב *turn* | infinitive construct · hiphil | יָד *hand* | | | | | נוֹשָׁבֹת *inhabited* | participle passive · niphal | | חֳרָבוֹת *waste places* | | | | מְאֻסָּף *\[which has been\] gathered* | participle passive · pual | | עַם *a people* | | | | עֹשֶׂה *\[which has\] acquired* | participle active · qal | עַם *a people* | מִקְנֶה *livestock* + קִנְיָן *property* | | | | יֹשְׁבֵי *\[who\] dwell* | participle active · qal | עַם *a people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} לְמִבַּז בִּזָא וּלְמֶעְדֵי עֲדָאָה לְכַנָשָׁא מַשִׁרְיָתָךְ עַל חָרְבָתָא דְאִתְיַתְבָא וְעַל עַמָא דְאִתְכַּנְשׁוּ מִבֵּינֵי עַמְמַיָא דְאִצְלָחוּ בְּנִכְסִין וְקִנְיָנִין יָתְבִין עַל תּוּקְפָא דְאַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [to take the spoil and to take the prey; to turn thy hand against the waste places that are now inhabited, and against the people that are gathered out of the nations, that have gotten cattle and goods, that dwell in the middle of the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1007/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:972`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 38:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.11/) - next →: [Ezekiel 38:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.13/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/)