--- title: Ezekiel 38:17 — Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, that prophesied in those days for many years, that I would bring thee against them? Who acts: Lord GOD, thou, I, prophets. Ezekiel 38:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/) / 38:17 # Ezekiel 38:17 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** Lord GOD, thou, I, prophets · **What happens:** say, be, speak, prophesy, bring · **To what, where:** Gog, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 38:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord GOD, thou, I, prophets — and what happens in the verse to Gog, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הַֽאַתָּה־ה֨וּא אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֜רְתִּי בְּיָמִ֣ים קַדְמוֹנִ֗ים בְּיַד֙ עֲבָדַי֙ נְבִיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַֽנִּבְּאִ֛ים בַּיָּמִ֥ים הָהֵ֖ם שָׁנִ֑ים לְהָבִ֥יא אֹתְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ס [Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, that prophesied in those days for many years, that I would bring thee against them?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1012/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:977 # text = כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הַֽאַתָּה־ה֨וּא אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֜רְתִּי בְּיָמִ֣ים קַדְמוֹנִ֗ים בְּיַד֙ עֲבָדַי֙ נְבִיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַֽנִּבְּאִ֛ים בַּיָּמִ֥ים הָהֵ֖ם שָׁנִ֑ים לְהָבִ֥יא אֹתְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ס # verse = EZK.38.17 1 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_38:17!1|MId=o260380170011|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 2 אָמַ֞ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_38:17!2|MId=o260380170021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260380170031;|Type=qatal 3-4 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_38:17!3|MId=o260380170031|Strong=0136 4 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_38:17!3|MId=o260380170032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 יְהוִ֗ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 3 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_38:17!4|MId=o260380170041|Strong=3069 6-7 הַֽאַתָּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַֽ הֲ PART _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=[are]|Ref=EZK_38:17!5|MId=o260380170051|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 7 אַתָּה־ אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ Gloss=you?|Ref=EZK_38:17!5|MId=o260380170052|Strong=0859|Type=personal 8 ה֨וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he|Ref=EZK_38:17!6|MId=o260380170061|Strong=1931|Type=personal 9 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=EZK_38:17!7|MId=o260380170071|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 10 דִּבַּ֜רְתִּי דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.spoke|Ref=EZK_38:17!8|MId=o260380170081|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:260380170031;|Type=qatal 11-12 בְּיָמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_38:17!9|MId=o260380170091|Strong=0871a 12 יָמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=EZK_38:17!9|MId=o260380170092|Strong=3117 13 קַדְמוֹנִ֗ים קַדְמֹנִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 amod _ Gloss=former|Ref=EZK_38:17!10|MId=o260380170101|Strong=6931|Type=adjective 14-15 בְּיַד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZK_38:17!11|MId=o260380170111|Strong=0871a 15 יַד֙ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EZK_38:17!11|MId=o260380170112|Strong=3027 16-17 עֲבָדַי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עֲבָד עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.servants|Ref=EZK_38:17!12|MId=o260380170121|Strong=5650 17 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EZK_38:17!12|MId=o260380170122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18 נְבִיאֵ֣י נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 appos _ Gloss=the.prophets|Ref=EZK_38:17!13|MId=o260380170131|Strong=5030 19 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_38:17!14|MId=o260380170141|Strong=3478 20-21 הַֽנִּבְּאִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַֽ הַ SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=EZK_38:17!15|MId=o260380170151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 נִּבְּאִ֛ים נָבָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 16 appos _ Gloss=prophesied|Ref=EZK_38:17!15|MId=o260380170152|Strong=5012|Frame=A0:260380170121;|Type=participle_active 22-24 בַּיָּמִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_38:17!16|MId=o260380170161|Strong=0871a 23 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_38:17!16|MId=o260380170161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 יָּמִ֥ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=EZK_38:17!16|MId=o260380170162|Strong=3117 25-26 הָהֵ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZK_38:17!17|MId=o260380170171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 הֵ֖ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=EZK_38:17!17|MId=o260380170172|Strong=1992|Type=personal 27 שָׁנִ֑ים שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=years|Ref=EZK_38:17!18|MId=o260380170181|Strong=8141 28-29 לְהָבִ֥יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_38:17!19|MId=o260380170191|Strong=3807a 29 הָבִ֥יא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 21 advcl _ Gloss=bring|Ref=EZK_38:17!19|MId=o260380170192|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:260380170031;A0:260380170202;|Type=infinitive_construct 30-31 אֹתְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZK_38:17!20|MId=o260380170201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 31 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZK_38:17!20|MId=o260380170202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32-33 עֲלֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_38:17!21|MId=o260380170211|Strong=5921 33 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_38:17!21|MId=o260380170212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:17!21|SpaceAfter=No 35 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:17!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | דִּבַּרְתִּי *I spoke* | qatal · piel | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | נִּבְּאִים *prophesied* | participle active · niphal | עֲבָד *my servants* | | | | | הָבִיא *bring* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ְךָ *you* | | | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים הַאַתְּ הוּא דְמַלֵלִית בְּיוֹמֵי קֶדֶם בְּיַד עַבְדֵי נְבִיֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל דְאִתְנַבִיאוּ בְּיוֹמַיָא הָאִינוּן מִלְקַדְמַת דְנָא שָׁנִין סַגִיאִין לְאַיְתָאָה יָתָךְ עֲלֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thus saith the Lord GOD: Art thou he of whom I spoke in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, that prophesied in those days for many years, that I would bring thee against them?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1012/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:977`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 38:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.16/) - next →: [Ezekiel 38:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.18/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/)