--- title: Ezekiel 38:20 — so that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: so that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the field and all creeping things that creep upon the ground, and all the men that are upon the face of the earth, shall shake at My presence, and the mountains shall be thrown down, and the steep places shall fall, and ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/) / 38:20 # Ezekiel 38:20 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** creeping things, men, fishes, steep places, wall · **What happens:** creep, be, shake, throw down, fall · **To what, where:** ground, mountains This is Ezekiel 38:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — creeping things, men, fishes, steep places, wall — and what happens in the verse to ground, mountains, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְרָעֲשׁ֣וּ מִפָּנַ֡י דְּגֵ֣י הַיָּם֩ וְע֨וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם וְחַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְכָל־הָרֶ֙מֶשׂ֙ הָרֹמֵ֣שׂ עַל־הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה וְכֹל֙ הָֽאָדָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וְנֶהֶרְס֣וּ הֶהָרִ֗ים וְנָֽפְלוּ֙ הַמַּדְרֵג֔וֹת וְכָל־חוֹמָ֖ה לָאָ֥רֶץ תִּפּֽוֹל׃ [so that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the field and all creeping things that creep upon the ground, and all the men that are upon the face of the earth, shall shake at My presence, and the mountains shall be thrown down, and the steep places shall fall, and every wall shall fall to the ground.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1015/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:980 # text = וְרָעֲשׁ֣וּ מִפָּנַ֡י דְּגֵ֣י הַיָּם֩ וְע֨וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם וְחַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְכָל־הָרֶ֙מֶשׂ֙ הָרֹמֵ֣שׂ עַל־הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה וְכֹל֙ הָֽאָדָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וְנֶהֶרְס֣וּ הֶהָרִ֗ים וְנָֽפְלוּ֙ הַמַּדְרֵג֔וֹת וְכָל־חוֹמָ֖ה לָאָ֥רֶץ תִּפּֽוֹל׃ # verse = EZK.38.20 1-2 וְרָעֲשׁ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!1|MId=o260380200011|Strong=2050b 2 רָעֲשׁ֣וּ רָעַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.shake|Ref=EZK_38:20!1|MId=o260380200012|Strong=7493|Frame=A0:260380200031;260380200052;260380200072;260380200102;260380200152;|Type=weqatal 3-5 מִפָּנַ֡י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_38:20!2|MId=o260380200021|Strong=4480 4 פָּנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=EZK_38:20!2|MId=o260380200022|Strong=6440 5 ַ֡י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=EZK_38:20!2|MId=o260380200023|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6 דְּגֵ֣י דָּג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.fish(es)|Ref=EZK_38:20!3|MId=o260380200031|Strong=1709 7-8 הַיָּם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_38:20!4|MId=o260380200041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יָּם֩ יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sea|Ref=EZK_38:20!4|MId=o260380200042|Strong=3220 9-10 וְע֨וֹף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!5|MId=o260380200051|Strong=2050b 10 ע֨וֹף עוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=the.bird[s]|Ref=EZK_38:20!5|MId=o260380200052|Strong=5775 11-12 הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_38:20!6|MId=o260380200061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 שָּׁמַ֜יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=EZK_38:20!6|MId=o260380200062|Strong=8064 13-14 וְחַיַּ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!7|MId=o260380200071|Strong=2050b 14 חַיַּ֣ת חַיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=the.animal[s]|Ref=EZK_38:20!7|MId=o260380200072|Strong=2416c 15-16 הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_38:20!8|MId=o260380200081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 שָּׂדֶ֗ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=EZK_38:20!8|MId=o260380200082|Strong=7704 17-18 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!9|MId=o260380200091|Strong=2050b 18 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EZK_38:20!9|MId=o260380200092|Strong=3605 19-20 הָרֶ֙מֶשׂ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the).creeping|Ref=EZK_38:20!10|MId=o260380200101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 רֶ֙מֶשׂ֙ רֶמֶשׂ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=thing|Ref=EZK_38:20!10|MId=o260380200102|Strong=7431 21-22 הָרֹמֵ֣שׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=EZK_38:20!11|MId=o260380200111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 רֹמֵ֣שׂ רָמַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=creeps|Ref=EZK_38:20!11|MId=o260380200112|Strong=7430|Frame=A0:260380200102;|Type=participle_active 23 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_38:20!12|MId=o260380200121|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_38:20!13|MId=o260380200131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אֲדָמָ֔ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=EZK_38:20!13|MId=o260380200132|Strong=0127 26-27 וְכֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!14|MId=o260380200141|Strong=2050b 27 כֹל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_38:20!14|MId=o260380200142|Strong=3605 28-29 הָֽאָדָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZK_38:20!15|MId=o260380200151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אָדָ֔ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=EZK_38:20!15|MId=o260380200152|Strong=0120 30 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 32 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EZK_38:20!16|MId=o260380200161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=EZK_38:20!17|MId=o260380200171|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 32 פְּנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.surface|Ref=EZK_38:20!18|MId=o260380200181|Strong=6440 33-34 הָאֲדָמָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_38:20!19|MId=o260380200191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 אֲדָמָ֑ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ground|Ref=EZK_38:20!19|MId=o260380200192|Strong=0127 35-36 וְנֶהֶרְס֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!20|MId=o260380200201|Strong=2050b 36 נֶהֶרְס֣וּ הָרַס VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.thrown.down|Ref=EZK_38:20!20|MId=o260380200202|Strong=2040|Frame=A1:260380200212;|Type=weqatal 37-38 הֶהָרִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_38:20!21|MId=o260380200211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 הָרִ֗ים הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ Gloss=mountains|Ref=EZK_38:20!21|MId=o260380200212|Strong=2022 39-40 וְנָֽפְלוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 40 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!22|MId=o260380200221|Strong=2050b 40 נָֽפְלוּ֙ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.fall|Ref=EZK_38:20!22|MId=o260380200222|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:260380200232;|Type=weqatal 41-42 הַמַּדְרֵג֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 42 det _ Gloss=the.steep|Ref=EZK_38:20!23|MId=o260380200231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 42 מַּדְרֵג֔וֹת מַדְרֵגָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ Gloss=places|Ref=EZK_38:20!23|MId=o260380200232|Strong=4095 43-44 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 49 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:20!24|MId=o260380200241|Strong=2050b 44 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EZK_38:20!24|MId=o260380200242|Strong=3605 45 חוֹמָ֖ה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 44 compound:smixut _ Gloss=wall|Ref=EZK_38:20!25|MId=o260380200251|Strong=2346 46-48 לָאָ֥רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 48 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_38:20!26|MId=o260380200261|Strong=3807a 47 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 48 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_38:20!26|MId=o260380200261ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 48 אָ֥רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 49 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=EZK_38:20!26|MId=o260380200262|Strong=0776 49 תִּפּֽוֹל נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.will.fall|Ref=EZK_38:20!27|MId=o260380200271|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:260380200251;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:20!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רָעֲשׁוּ *they will shake* | weqatal · qal | דְּגֵי *the fish(es)* + עוֹף *the bird\[s\]* + חַיַּת *the animal\[s\]* + רֶמֶשׂ *thing* + אָדָם *humankind* | | | | | רֹמֵשׂ *creeps* | participle active · qal | רֶמֶשׂ *thing* | | | | | נֶהֶרְסוּ *they will be thrown down* | weqatal · niphal | | הָרִים *mountains* | | | | נָֽפְלוּ *they will fall* | weqatal · qal | מַּדְרֵגוֹת *places* | | | | | תִּפּֽוֹל *it will fall* | yiqtol · qal | חוֹמָה *wall* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיזוּעוּן מִן קֳדָמַי נוּנֵי יַמָא וְעוֹפָא דִשְׁמַיָא וְחַיַת בָּרָא וְכָל רִחֲשָׁא דְרָחֵישׁ עַל אַרְעָא וְכָל אֱנָשָׁא דִי עַל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא וְיִתְפַּגְרוּן טוּרַיָא וְיִתְתַּלְשׁוּן מִגְדָלַיָא וְכָל שׁוּר רָם לְאַרְעָא יִתְחַמָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [so that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the field and all creeping things that creep upon the ground, and all the men that are upon the face of the earth, shall shake at My presence, and the mountains shall be thrown down, and the steep places shall fall, and every wall shall fall to the ground.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1015/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:980`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 38:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.19/) - next →: [Ezekiel 38:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.21/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/)