--- title: Ezekiel 38:8 — After many days thou shalt be mustered for service, in the latter ye… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: After many days thou shalt be mustered for service, in the latter years thou shalt come against the land that is brought back from the sword, that is gathered out of many peoples, against the mountains of Israel, which have been a continual waste; but it is brought forth out of the peoples, and they --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/) / 38:8 # Ezekiel 38:8 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** thou, mountains, peoples · **What happens:** muster, come, bring back, gather, be, bring · **To what, where:** thou, land, sword, continual waste, waste This is Ezekiel 38:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, mountains, peoples — and what happens in the verse to thou, land, sword, continual waste, waste, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מִיָּמִ֣ים רַבִּים֮ תִּפָּקֵד֒ בְּאַחֲרִ֨ית הַשָּׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ ׀ מְשׁוֹבֶ֣בֶת מֵחֶ֗רֶב מְקֻבֶּ֙צֶת֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים עַ֚ל הָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ לְחָרְבָּ֖ה תָּמִ֑יד וְהִיא֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים הוּצָ֔אָה וְיָשְׁב֥וּ לָבֶ֖טַח כֻּלָּֽם׃ [After many days thou shalt be mustered for service, in the latter years thou shalt come against the land that is brought back from the sword, that is gathered out of many peoples, against the mountains of Israel, which have been a continual waste; but it is brought forth out of the peoples, and they dwell safely all of them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1003/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:968 # text = מִיָּמִ֣ים רַבִּים֮ תִּפָּקֵד֒ בְּאַחֲרִ֨ית הַשָּׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ ׀ מְשׁוֹבֶ֣בֶת מֵחֶ֗רֶב מְקֻבֶּ֙צֶת֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים עַ֚ל הָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ לְחָרְבָּ֖ה תָּמִ֑יד וְהִיא֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים הוּצָ֔אָה וְיָשְׁב֥וּ לָבֶ֖טַח כֻּלָּֽם׃ # verse = EZK.38.8 1-2 מִיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_38:8!1|MId=o260380080011|Strong=4480 2 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=EZK_38:8!1|MId=o260380080012|Strong=3117 3 רַבִּים֮ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=EZK_38:8!2|MId=o260380080021|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 4 תִּפָּקֵד֒ פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.be.mustered|Ref=EZK_38:8!3|MId=o260380080031|Strong=6485|Frame=A1:260380030081;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 בְּאַחֲרִ֨ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EZK_38:8!4|MId=o260380080041|Strong=0871a 6 אַחֲרִ֨ית אַחֲרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.end|Ref=EZK_38:8!4|MId=o260380080042|Strong=0319 7-8 הַשָּׁנִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZK_38:8!5|MId=o260380080051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 שָּׁנִ֜ים שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.years|Ref=EZK_38:8!5|MId=o260380080052|Strong=8141 9 תָּב֣וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=EZK_38:8!6|MId=o260380080061|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:260380030081;|Type=yiqtol 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:8!6 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=EZK_38:8!7|MId=o260380080071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=a.land|Ref=EZK_38:8!8|MId=o260380080081|Strong=0776 13 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 12 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:8!8 14 מְשׁוֹבֶ֣בֶת שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=POLEL|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=restored|Ref=EZK_38:8!9|MId=o260380080091|Strong=7725|Frame=A1:260380080081;|Type=participle_passive 15-16 מֵחֶ֗רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=EZK_38:8!10|MId=o260380080101|Strong=4480 16 חֶ֗רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=EZK_38:8!10|MId=o260380080102|Strong=2719 17 מְקֻבֶּ֙צֶת֙ קָבַץ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=gathered.together|Ref=EZK_38:8!11|MId=o260380080111|Strong=6908|Frame=A1:260380080081;|Type=participle_passive 18-19 מֵעַמִּ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_38:8!12|MId=o260380080121|Strong=4480 19 עַמִּ֣ים עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=EZK_38:8!12|MId=o260380080122|Strong=5971 20 רַבִּ֔ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=EZK_38:8!13|MId=o260380080131|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 21 עַ֚ל עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_38:8!14|MId=o260380080141|Strong=5921 22 הָרֵ֣י הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=the.mountains|Ref=EZK_38:8!15|MId=o260380080151|Strong=2022 23 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_38:8!16|MId=o260380080161|Strong=3478 24 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EZK_38:8!17|MId=o260380080171|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 25 הָי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 27 cop _ Gloss=they.had.become|Ref=EZK_38:8!18|MId=o260380080181|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:260380080151;|Type=qatal 26-27 לְחָרְבָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=EZK_38:8!19|MId=o260380080191|Strong=3807a 27 חָרְבָּ֖ה חׇרְבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=desolation|Ref=EZK_38:8!19|MId=o260380080192|Strong=2723 28 תָּמִ֑יד תָּמִיד ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 advmod _ Gloss=continually|Ref=EZK_38:8!20|MId=o260380080201|Strong=8548 29-30 וְהִיא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:8!21|MId=o260380080211|Strong=2050b 30 הִיא֙ הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EZK_38:8!21|MId=o260380080212|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 31-32 מֵעַמִּ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_38:8!22|MId=o260380080221|Strong=4480 32 עַמִּ֣ים עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 obl _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=EZK_38:8!22|MId=o260380080222|Strong=5971 33 הוּצָ֔אָה יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=it.had.been.brought.out|Ref=EZK_38:8!23|MId=o260380080231|Strong=3318|Frame=A1:260380080212;|Type=qatal 34-35 וְיָשְׁב֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_38:8!24|MId=o260380080241|Strong=2050b 35 יָשְׁב֥וּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.dwelling|Ref=EZK_38:8!24|MId=o260380080242|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:260380080262;|Type=weqatal 36-37 לָבֶ֖טַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_38:8!25|MId=o260380080251|Strong=3807a 37 בֶ֖טַח בֶּטַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 obl _ Gloss=security|Ref=EZK_38:8!25|MId=o260380080252|Strong=0983 38-39 כֻּלָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 כֻּלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=EZK_38:8!26|MId=o260380080261|Strong=3605 39 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_38:8!26|MId=o260380080262|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EZK_38:8!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּפָּקֵד *you will be mustered* | yiqtol · niphal | | | | | | תָּבוֹא *you will go* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | מְשׁוֹבֶבֶת *restored* | participle passive · polel | | אֶרֶץ *a land* | | | | מְקֻבֶּצֶת *gathered together* | participle passive · pual | | אֶרֶץ *a land* | | | | הָיוּ *they had become* | qatal · qal | הָרֵי *the mountains* | | | | | הוּצָאָה *it had been brought out* | qatal · hophal | | הִיא *it* | | | | יָשְׁבוּ *they will be dwelling* | weqatal · qal | ָֽם *all* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מִיוֹמִין סַגִיאִין תְּמַנִי מַשִׁרְיָתָךְ בְּסוֹף שְׁנַיָא תְהַךְ עַל אַרְעָא דְתָבוּ עֲלָה מְקַטְלֵי חַרְבָּא דְאִתְכְּנָשׁוּ מֵעַמְמִין סַגִיאִין עַל טוּרֵי אַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל דַהֲווֹ לְחָרְבָא תְּדִירָא וְאִינוּן מִבֵּינֵי עַמְמַיָא אִתְגְלִיאוּ וִיתִיבוּ לְרוֹחֲצָן כּוּלְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [After many days thou shalt be mustered for service, in the latter years thou shalt come against the land that is brought back from the sword, that is gathered out of many peoples, against the mountains of Israel, which have been a continual waste; but it is brought forth out of the peoples, and they dwell safely all of them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1003/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:968`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 38:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.7/) - next →: [Ezekiel 38:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.9/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/38/)