--- title: Ezekiel 39:23 — And the nations shall know that the house of Israel went into captiv… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the nations shall know that the house of Israel went into captivity for their iniquity, because they broke faith with Me, and I hid My face from them; so I gave them into the hand of their adversaries, and they fell all of them by the sword. Who acts: nations, house, I. Ezekiel 39:23 in Hebrew w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.39.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/39/) / 39:23 # Ezekiel 39:23 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** nations, house, I · **What happens:** know, go, break, hide, give, fall · **To what, where:** captivity, faith, face, nations, hand This is Ezekiel 39:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations, house, I — and what happens in the verse to captivity, faith, face, nations, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְיָדְע֣וּ הַ֠גּוֹיִם כִּ֣י בַעֲוֺנָ֞ם גָּל֣וּ בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֔י וָאַסְתִּ֥ר פָּנַ֖י מֵהֶ֑ם וָֽאֶתְּנֵם֙ בְּיַ֣ד צָרֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בַחֶ֖רֶב כֻּלָּֽם׃ [And the nations shall know that the house of Israel went into captivity for their iniquity, because they broke faith with Me, and I hid My face from them; so I gave them into the hand of their adversaries, and they fell all of them by the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1042/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:1006 # text = וְיָדְע֣וּ הַ֠גּוֹיִם כִּ֣י בַעֲוֺנָ֞ם גָּל֣וּ בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֔י וָאַסְתִּ֥ר פָּנַ֖י מֵהֶ֑ם וָֽאֶתְּנֵם֙ בְּיַ֣ד צָרֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בַחֶ֖רֶב כֻּלָּֽם׃ # verse = EZK.39.23 1-2 וְיָדְע֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_39:23!1|MId=o260390230011|Strong=2050b 2 יָדְע֣וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.know|Ref=EZK_39:23!1|MId=o260390230012|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:260390230022;A1:260390230051;|Type=weqatal 3-4 הַ֠גּוֹיִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ֠ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_39:23!2|MId=o260390230021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 גּוֹיִם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=EZK_39:23!2|MId=o260390230022|Strong=1471 5 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=EZK_39:23!3|MId=o260390230031|Strong=3588 6-8 בַעֲוֺנָ֞ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZK_39:23!4|MId=o260390230041|Strong=0871a 7 עֲוֺנ עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=iniquity|Ref=EZK_39:23!4|MId=o260390230042|Strong=5771 8 ָ֞ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_39:23!4|MId=o260390230043|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 גָּל֣וּ גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=they.went.into.exile|Ref=EZK_39:23!5|MId=o260390230051|Strong=1540|Frame=A0:260390230061;|Type=qatal 10 בֵֽית־ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=EZK_39:23!6|MId=o260390230061|Strong=1004|SpaceAfter=No 11 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_39:23!7|MId=o260390230071|Strong=3478 12 עַ֚ל עַל ADP _ _ 9 parataxis _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZK_39:23!8|MId=o260390230081|Strong=5921 13 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EZK_39:23!9|MId=o260390230091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14 מָֽעֲלוּ־ מָעַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 12 parataxis _ Gloss=they.had.acted.unfaithfully|Ref=EZK_39:23!10|MId=o260390230101|Strong=4603|Frame=A0:260390230061;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 בִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=EZK_39:23!11|MId=o260390230111|Strong=0871a 16 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=EZK_39:23!11|MId=o260390230112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17-18 וָאַסְתִּ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_39:23!12|MId=o260390230121|Strong=2050b 18 אַסְתִּ֥ר סָתַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 14 conj _ Gloss=I.hid|Ref=EZK_39:23!12|MId=o260390230122|Strong=5641|Frame=AA:260390200111;A0:260390230131;|Type=wayyiqtol 19-20 פָּנַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 פָּנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 obj _ Gloss=face|Ref=EZK_39:23!13|MId=o260390230131|Strong=6440 20 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EZK_39:23!13|MId=o260390230132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 מֵהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZK_39:23!14|MId=o260390230141|Strong=4480 22 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZK_39:23!14|MId=o260390230142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23-25 וָֽאֶתְּנֵם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וָֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_39:23!15|MId=o260390230151|Strong=2050b 24 אֶתְּנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 14 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_39:23!15|MId=o260390230152|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:260390200111;A1:260390230153;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 ֵם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ Gloss=gave.them|Ref=EZK_39:23!15|MId=o260390230153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26-27 בְּיַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_39:23!16|MId=o260390230161|Strong=0871a 27 יַ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EZK_39:23!16|MId=o260390230162|Strong=3027 28-29 צָרֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 צָרֵי צַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.foes|Ref=EZK_39:23!17|MId=o260390230171|Strong=6862a 29 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EZK_39:23!17|MId=o260390230172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30-31 וַיִּפְּל֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_39:23!18|MId=o260390230181|Strong=2050b 31 יִּפְּל֥וּ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 conj _ Gloss=they.fell|Ref=EZK_39:23!18|MId=o260390230182|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:260390230202;|Type=wayyiqtol 32-34 בַחֶ֖רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZK_39:23!19|MId=o260390230191|Strong=0871a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZK_39:23!19|MId=o260390230191ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 חֶ֖רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=EZK_39:23!19|MId=o260390230192|Strong=2719 35-36 כֻּלָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 כֻּלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=EZK_39:23!20|MId=o260390230201|Strong=3605 36 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZK_39:23!20|MId=o260390230202|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=EZK_39:23!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָדְעוּ *they will know* | weqatal · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* | גָּלוּ *they went into exile* | | | | גָּלוּ *they went into exile* | qatal · qal | בֵֽית־ *the house* | | | | | מָֽעֲלוּ־ *they had acted unfaithfully* | qatal · qal | בֵֽית־ *the house* | | | | | אַסְתִּר *I hid* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | פָּנ *face* | | | | | אֶתְּנ *I* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ֵם *gave them* | | | | יִּפְּלוּ *they fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | ָֽם *all* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיֵדְעוּן עַמְמַיָא אֲרֵי בְּחוֹבֵיהוֹן גְלוֹ בֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל דְשַׁקָרוּ בְמֵימְרִי וְסַלִיקֵית שְׁכִנְתִּי מִנְהוֹן וּמְסַרְתִּינוּן בְּיַד סָנְאֵיהוֹן וְאִתְקַטָלוּ בְחַרְבָּא כּוּלְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the nations shall know that the house of Israel went into captivity for their iniquity, because they broke faith with Me, and I hid My face from them; so I gave them into the hand of their adversaries, and they fell all of them by the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1042/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:1006`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 39:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.39.22/) - next →: [Ezekiel 39:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.39.24/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/39/)