--- title: Ezekiel 4:16 — Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staf… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they shall eat bread by weight, and with anxiety; and they shall drink water by measure, and in appalment; Who acts: flesh, I, beasts. Ezekiel 4:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.4.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/4/) / 4:16 # Ezekiel 4:16 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** flesh, I, beasts · **What happens:** say, break, eat, drink · **To what, where:** staff, Jerusalem, bread, water · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 4:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — flesh, I, beasts — and what happens in the verse to staff, Jerusalem, bread, water, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י בֶּן־אָדָם֙ הִנְנִ֨י שֹׁבֵ֤ר מַטֵּה־לֶ֙חֶם֙ בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאָכְלוּ־לֶ֥חֶם בְּמִשְׁקָ֖ל וּבִדְאָגָ֑ה וּמַ֕יִם בִּמְשׂוּרָ֥ה וּבְשִׁמָּמ֖וֹן יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃ [Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they shall eat bread by weight, and with anxiety; and they shall drink water by measure, and in appalment;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.85/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:80 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י בֶּן־אָדָם֙ הִנְנִ֨י שֹׁבֵ֤ר מַטֵּה־לֶ֙חֶם֙ בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאָכְלוּ־לֶ֥חֶם בְּמִשְׁקָ֖ל וּבִדְאָגָ֑ה וּמַ֕יִם בִּמְשׂוּרָ֥ה וּבְשִׁמָּמ֖וֹן יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃ # verse = EZK.4.16 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_4:16!1|MId=o260040160011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EZK_4:16!1|MId=o260040160012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260040130021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלַ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_4:16!2|MId=o260040160021|Strong=0413 4 ַ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=EZK_4:16!2|MId=o260040160022|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 dislocated _ Gloss=O.son|Ref=EZK_4:16!3|MId=o260040160031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 6 אָדָם֙ אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.humankind|Ref=EZK_4:16!4|MId=o260040160041|Strong=0120 7-8 הִנְנִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=EZK_4:16!5|MId=o260040160051|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 8 ְנִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EZK_4:16!5|MId=o260040160052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9 שֹׁבֵ֤ר שָׁבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[am].about.to.break|Ref=EZK_4:16!6|MId=o260040160061|Strong=7665|Frame=A0:260040160052;A1:260040160071;|Type=participle_active 10 מַטֵּה־ מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=[the].staff|Ref=EZK_4:16!7|MId=o260040160071|Strong=4294|SpaceAfter=No 11 לֶ֙חֶם֙ לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.bread|Ref=EZK_4:16!8|MId=o260040160081|Strong=3899 12-13 בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_4:16!9|MId=o260040160091|Strong=0871a 13 יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=EZK_4:16!9|MId=o260040160092|Strong=3389 14-15 וְאָכְלוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_4:16!10|MId=o260040160101|Strong=2050b 15 אָכְלוּ־ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.will.eat|Ref=EZK_4:16!10|MId=o260040160102|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:260040160092;A1:260040160111;|Type=weqatal 16 לֶ֥חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=EZK_4:16!11|MId=o260040160111|Strong=3899 17-18 בְּמִשְׁקָ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZK_4:16!12|MId=o260040160121|Strong=0871a 18 מִשְׁקָ֖ל מִשְׁקָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=weight|Ref=EZK_4:16!12|MId=o260040160122|Strong=4948 19-21 וּבִדְאָגָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_4:16!13|MId=o260040160131|Strong=2050b 20 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_4:16!13|MId=o260040160132|Strong=0871a 21 דְאָגָ֑ה דְּאָגָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=anxiety|Ref=EZK_4:16!13|MId=o260040160133|Strong=1674 22-23 וּמַ֕יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_4:16!14|MId=o260040160141|Strong=2050b 23 מַ֕יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 obj _ Gloss=water|Ref=EZK_4:16!14|MId=o260040160142|Strong=4325 24-25 בִּמְשׂוּרָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZK_4:16!15|MId=o260040160151|Strong=0871a 25 מְשׂוּרָ֥ה מְשׂוּרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=measure|Ref=EZK_4:16!15|MId=o260040160152|Strong=4884 26-28 וּבְשִׁמָּמ֖וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_4:16!16|MId=o260040160161|Strong=2050b 27 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZK_4:16!16|MId=o260040160162|Strong=0871a 28 שִׁמָּמ֖וֹן שִׁמָּמוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=horror|Ref=EZK_4:16!16|MId=o260040160163|Strong=8078 29 יִשְׁתּֽוּ שָׁתָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.will.drink|Ref=EZK_4:16!17|MId=o260040160171|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:260040160092;A1:260040160142;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=EZK_4:16!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | שֹׁבֵר *\[am\] about to break* | participle active · qal | ְנִי *I* | מַטֵּה־ *\[the\] staff* | | | | אָכְלוּ־ *they will eat* | weqatal · qal | ירוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* | לֶחֶם *bread* | | | | יִשְׁתּֽוּ *they will drink* | yiqtol · qal | ירוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* | מַיִם *water* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לִי בַּר אָדָם הָא אֲנָא תָבֵר סְעִיד מֵיכְלָא בִּירוּשְׁלֵם וְיֵכְלוּן לַחְמָא בְּמַתְקַל וּבְיִצְפָּא וּמַיָא בְּצָדוּ וּבְאִשְׁתְּמָמוּ יִשְׁתּוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Moreover He said unto me: 'Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they shall eat bread by weight, and with anxiety; and they shall drink water by measure, and in appalment;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.85/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:80`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 4:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.4.15/) - next →: [Ezekiel 4:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.4.17/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/4/)