--- title: Ezekiel 44:9 — Thus saith the Lord GOD: No alien, uncircumcised in heart and uncirc… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the Lord GOD: No alien, uncircumcised in heart and uncircumcised in flesh, shall enter into My sanctuary, even any alien that is among the children of Israel. Who acts: Lord GOD, alien. Ezekiel 44:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.44.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Ezekiel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/44/) / 44:9 # Ezekiel 44:9 יְחֶזְקֵאל **Who acts:** Lord GOD, alien · **What happens:** say, enter, be · **To what, where:** sanctuary · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezekiel 44:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord GOD, alien — and what happens in the verse to sanctuary, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ כָּל־בֶּן־נֵכָ֗ר עֶ֤רֶל לֵב֙ וְעֶ֣רֶל בָּשָׂ֔ר לֹ֥א יָב֖וֹא אֶל־מִקְדָּשִׁ֑י לְכָל־בֶּן־נֵכָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֕ר בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Thus saith the Lord GOD: No alien, uncircumcised in heart and uncircumcised in flesh, shall enter into My sanctuary, even any alien that is among the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1181/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZK:1143 # text = כֹּה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ כָּל־בֶּן־נֵכָ֗ר עֶ֤רֶל לֵב֙ וְעֶ֣רֶל בָּשָׂ֔ר לֹ֥א יָב֖וֹא אֶל־מִקְדָּשִׁ֑י לְכָל־בֶּן־נֵכָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֕ר בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = EZK.44.9 1 כֹּה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EZK_44:9!1|MId=o260440090011|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 2 אָמַר֮ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EZK_44:9!2|MId=o260440090021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:260440090031;|Type=qatal 3-4 אֲדֹנָ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=EZK_44:9!3|MId=o260440090031|Strong=0136 4 ָ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=EZK_44:9!3|MId=o260440090032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 יְהוִה֒ יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 3 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EZK_44:9!4|MId=o260440090041|Strong=3069 6 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=any|Ref=EZK_44:9!5|MId=o260440090051|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 7 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=son|Ref=EZK_44:9!6|MId=o260440090061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 8 נֵכָ֗ר נֵכָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.foreignness|Ref=EZK_44:9!7|MId=o260440090071|Strong=5236 9 עֶ֤רֶל עָרֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 amod _ Gloss=uncircumcised|Ref=EZK_44:9!8|MId=o260440090081|Strong=6189|Type=adjective 10 לֵב֙ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.heart|Ref=EZK_44:9!9|MId=o260440090091|Strong=3820 11-12 וְעֶ֣רֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZK_44:9!10|MId=o260440090101|Strong=2050b 12 עֶ֣רֶל עָרֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=uncircumcised|Ref=EZK_44:9!10|MId=o260440090102|Strong=6189|Type=adjective 13 בָּשָׂ֔ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.flesh|Ref=EZK_44:9!11|MId=o260440090111|Strong=1320 14 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZK_44:9!12|MId=o260440090121|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 יָב֖וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.will.go|Ref=EZK_44:9!13|MId=o260440090131|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:260440090061;|Type=yiqtol 16 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=EZK_44:9!14|MId=o260440090141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 מִקְדָּשִׁ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִקְדָּשׁ מִקְדָּשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=sanctuary|Ref=EZK_44:9!15|MId=o260440090151|Strong=4720 18 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EZK_44:9!15|MId=o260440090152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19-20 לְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZK_44:9!16|MId=o260440090161|Strong=3807a 20 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=EZK_44:9!16|MId=o260440090162|Strong=3605 21 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=son|Ref=EZK_44:9!17|MId=o260440090171|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 22 נֵכָ֔ר נֵכָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.foreignness|Ref=EZK_44:9!18|MId=o260440090181|Strong=5236 23 אֲשֶׁ֕ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EZK_44:9!19|MId=o260440090191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24-25 בְּת֖וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=[is]|Ref=EZK_44:9!20|MId=o260440090201|Strong=0871a 25 ת֖וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=among|Ref=EZK_44:9!20|MId=o260440090202|Strong=8432 26 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EZK_44:9!21|MId=o260440090211|Strong=1121 27 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EZK_44:9!22|MId=o260440090221|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=EZK_44:9!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | **not** יָבוֹא *he will go* | yiqtol · qal | בֶּן־ *son* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים כָּל בַּר עַמְמִין רַשִׁיעֵי לִבָּא וְעַרְלֵי בִסְרָא לָא יַעֲלוּן לְמַקְדְשִׁי לְכָל בְּנֵי עַמְמַיָא דִי בְּגוֹ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thus saith the Lord GOD: No alien, uncircumcised in heart and uncircumcised in flesh, shall enter into My sanctuary, even any alien that is among the children of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.1181/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZK:1143`. - ← previous: [Ezekiel 44:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.44.8/) - next →: [Ezekiel 44:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.44.10/) - ↑ back to [Ezekiel 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK/44/)