--- title: Habakkuk 1:6 — For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation, that march through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling-places that are not theirs. Who acts: I, bitter nation, dwelling places. Habakkuk 1:6 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.1.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Habakkuk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB/1/) / 1:6 # Habakkuk 1:6 חֲבַקּוּק **Who acts:** I, bitter nation, dwelling places · **What happens:** raise up, march, possess, not be · **To what, where:** Chaldeans, breadth, dwelling places, nations This is Habakkuk 1:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, bitter nation, dwelling places — and what happens in the verse to Chaldeans, breadth, dwelling places, nations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Habakkuk on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֤י מֵקִים֙ אֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים הַגּ֖וֹי הַמַּ֣ר וְהַנִּמְהָ֑ר הַֽהוֹלֵךְ֙ לְמֶרְחֲבֵי־אֶ֔רֶץ לָרֶ֖שֶׁת מִשְׁכָּנ֥וֹת לֹּא־לֽוֹ׃ [For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation, that march through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling-places that are not theirs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.7/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HAB:5 # text = כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֤י מֵקִים֙ אֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים הַגּ֖וֹי הַמַּ֣ר וְהַנִּמְהָ֑ר הַֽהוֹלֵךְ֙ לְמֶרְחֲבֵי־אֶ֔רֶץ לָרֶ֖שֶׁת מִשְׁכָּנ֥וֹת לֹּא־לֽוֹ׃ # verse = HAB.1.6 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=HAB_1:6!1|MId=o350010060011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2-3 הִנְנִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=HAB_1:6!2|MId=o350010060021|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 3 ְנִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=HAB_1:6!2|MId=o350010060022|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 4 מֵקִים֙ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[am].about.to.raise.up|Ref=HAB_1:6!3|MId=o350010060031|Strong=6965|Frame=AA:350010060022;A0:350010060052;|Type=participle_active 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=HAB_1:6!4|MId=o350010060041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=HAB_1:6!5|MId=o350010060051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 4 obj _ Gloss=Chaldeans|Ref=HAB_1:6!5|MId=o350010060052|Strong=3778 8-9 הַגּ֖וֹי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=HAB_1:6!6|MId=o350010060061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 גּ֖וֹי גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=nation|Ref=HAB_1:6!6|MId=o350010060062|Strong=1471 10-11 הַמַּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=HAB_1:6!7|MId=o350010060071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מַּ֣ר מַר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 amod _ Gloss=bitter|Ref=HAB_1:6!7|MId=o350010060072|Strong=4751|Type=adjective 12-14 וְהַנִּמְהָ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAB_1:6!8|MId=o350010060081|Strong=2050b 13 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=HAB_1:6!8|MId=o350010060082|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 נִּמְהָ֑ר מָהַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=impetuous|Ref=HAB_1:6!8|MId=o350010060083|Strong=4116|Frame=A0:350010060062;|Type=participle_active 15-16 הַֽהוֹלֵךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַֽ הַ SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=HAB_1:6!9|MId=o350010060091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 הוֹלֵךְ֙ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=goes|Ref=HAB_1:6!9|MId=o350010060092|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:350010060062;|Type=participle_active 17-18 לְמֶרְחֲבֵי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=HAB_1:6!10|MId=o350010060101|Strong=3807a 18 מֶרְחֲבֵי־ מֶרְחָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=expanses|Ref=HAB_1:6!10|MId=o350010060102|Strong=4800 19 אֶ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].earth|Ref=HAB_1:6!11|MId=o350010060111|Strong=0776 20-21 לָרֶ֖שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HAB_1:6!12|MId=o350010060121|Strong=3807a 21 רֶ֖שֶׁת יָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 16 advcl _ Gloss=take.possession.of|Ref=HAB_1:6!12|MId=o350010060122|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:350010060062;A1:350010060131;|Type=infinitive_construct 22 מִשְׁכָּנ֥וֹת מִשְׁכָּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obj _ Gloss=dwellings|Ref=HAB_1:6!13|MId=o350010060131|Strong=4908 23 לֹּא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=[which].not|Ref=HAB_1:6!14|MId=o350010060141|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 לֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 ל לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=HAB_1:6!15|MId=o350010060151|Strong=3807a 25 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 acl _ Gloss=it|Ref=HAB_1:6!15|MId=o350010060152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=HAB_1:6!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מֵקִים *\[am\] about to raise up* | participle active · hiphil | כַּשְׂדִּים *Chaldeans* | | | ְנִי *I* | | נִּמְהָר *impetuous* | participle active · niphal | גּוֹי *nation* | | | | | הוֹלֵךְ *goes* | participle active · qal | גּוֹי *nation* | | | | | רֶשֶׁת *take possession of* | infinitive construct · qal | גּוֹי *nation* | מִשְׁכָּנוֹת *dwellings* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי הָא אֲנָא מֵקִים יַת כַּסְדָאֵי עַמָא מוֹחֲיָא וְקַלִילָא דְאָזֵיל לִפְתָאֵי אַרְעָא לְאַחְסָנָא קִרְוִין דְלָא דִילֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For, lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, that bitter and impetuous nation, that march through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling-places that are not theirs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.7/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HAB:5`. - ← previous: [Habakkuk 1:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.1.5/) - next →: [Habakkuk 1:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.1.7/) - ↑ back to [Habakkuk 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB/1/)