--- title: Habakkuk 2:19 — Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Ar… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach? Behold, it is overlaid with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it. Who acts: Woe, this, breath. Habakkuk 2:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.2.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Habakkuk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB/2/) / 2:19 # Habakkuk 2:19 חֲבַקּוּק **Who acts:** Woe, this, breath · **What happens:** say, arise, teach, overlay, be · **To what, where:** wood, midst · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Habakkuk 2:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Woe, this, breath — and what happens in the verse to wood, midst, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Habakkuk on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. ה֣וֹי אֹמֵ֤ר לָעֵץ֙ הָקִ֔יצָה ע֖וּרִי לְאֶ֣בֶן דּוּמָ֑ם ה֣וּא יוֹרֶ֔ה הִנֵּה־ה֗וּא תָּפוּשׂ֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף וְכָל־ר֖וּחַ אֵ֥ין בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃ [Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.39/) [Behold, it is overlaid with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.40/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HAB:35 # text = ה֣וֹי אֹמֵ֤ר לָעֵץ֙ הָקִ֔יצָה ע֖וּרִי לְאֶ֣בֶן דּוּמָ֑ם ה֣וּא יוֹרֶ֔ה הִנֵּה־ה֗וּא תָּפוּשׂ֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף וְכָל־ר֖וּחַ אֵ֥ין בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃ # verse = HAB.2.19 1 ה֣וֹי הוֹי INTJ _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=woe.to!|Ref=HAB_2:19!1|MId=o350020190011|Strong=1945|Type=interjection 2 אֹמֵ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=[one.who].says|Ref=HAB_2:19!2|MId=o350020190021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:350020180121;A1:350020190041;|Type=participle_active 3-5 לָעֵץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HAB_2:19!3|MId=o350020190031|Strong=3807a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=|Ref=HAB_2:19!3|MId=o350020190031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עֵץ֙ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=wood|Ref=HAB_2:19!3|MId=o350020190032|Strong=6086 6-7 הָקִ֔יצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָקִ֔יצ קִיץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=wake|Ref=HAB_2:19!4|MId=o350020190041|Strong=6974a|Frame=A0:350020190033;|Type=imperative 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=up|Ref=HAB_2:19!4|MId=o350020190042|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 8 ע֖וּרִי עוּר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=awake|Ref=HAB_2:19!5|MId=o350020190051|Strong=5782|Frame=A0:350020190062;|Type=imperative 9-10 לְאֶ֣בֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HAB_2:19!6|MId=o350020190061|Strong=3807a 10 אֶ֣בֶן אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=a.stone|Ref=HAB_2:19!6|MId=o350020190062|Strong=0068 11 דּוּמָ֑ם דּוּמָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.silence|Ref=HAB_2:19!7|MId=o350020190071|Strong=1748 12 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=HAB_2:19!8|MId=o350020190081|Strong=1931|Type=personal 13 יוֹרֶ֔ה יָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=will.it.teach?|Ref=HAB_2:19!9|MId=o350020190091|Strong=3384b|Frame=A0:350020190081;|Type=yiqtol 14 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 16 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=HAB_2:19!10|MId=o350020190101|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 15 ה֗וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=HAB_2:19!11|MId=o350020190111|Strong=1931|Type=personal 16 תָּפוּשׂ֙ תָּפַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].sheathed|Ref=HAB_2:19!12|MId=o350020190121|Strong=8610|Frame=A1:350020190111;|Type=participle_passive 17 זָהָ֣ב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=gold|Ref=HAB_2:19!13|MId=o350020190131|Strong=2091 18-19 וָכֶ֔סֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAB_2:19!14|MId=o350020190141|Strong=2050b 19 כֶ֔סֶף כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=silver|Ref=HAB_2:19!14|MId=o350020190142|Strong=3701 20-21 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAB_2:19!15|MId=o350020190151|Strong=2050b 21 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=any|Ref=HAB_2:19!15|MId=o350020190152|Strong=3605 22 ר֖וּחַ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=breath|Ref=HAB_2:19!16|MId=o350020190161|Strong=7307 23 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=HAB_2:19!17|MId=o350020190171|Strong=0369|Type=negative 24-26 בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=within|Ref=HAB_2:19!18|MId=o350020190181|Strong=0871a 25 קִרְבּ קֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=HAB_2:19!18|MId=o350020190182|Strong=7130 26 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=it|Ref=HAB_2:19!18|MId=o350020190183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=HAB_2:19!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֹמֵר *\[one who\] says* | participle active · qal | | הָקִיצ *wake* | | | | הָקִיצ *wake* | imperative · hiphil | | | | | | עוּרִי *awake* | imperative · qal | אֶבֶן *a stone* | | | | | יוֹרֶה *will it teach?* | yiqtol · hiphil | הוּא *it* | | | | | **not** תָּפוּשׂ *\[is\] sheathed* | participle passive · qal | | הוּא *it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַי דִי אֲמַר לִצְלַם אֲעָא קוּם וּלְדַחֲלַת אַבְנָא אִתְעֲרֵי וְהִיא שַׁתְקָא וְדַמְיָא הוּא מַכְלֵי הָא הוּא מַחֲפֵּי דְהַב וּכְסַף וְכָל רוּחַ לֵית בִּמְעוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Woe unto him that saith to the wood: 'Awake', to the dumb stone: 'Arise!' Can this teach?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.39/) 2. [Behold, it is overlaid with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAB.40/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HAB:35`. - ← previous: [Habakkuk 2:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.2.18/) - next →: [Habakkuk 2:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB.2.20/) - ↑ back to [Habakkuk 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAB/2/)