--- title: Haggai 2:22 — and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother. Who acts: I, horses. Haggai 2:22 in Heb --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.2.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Haggai](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG/2/) / 2:22 # Haggai 2:22 חַגַּי **Who acts:** I, horses · **What happens:** overthrow, destroy, ride, come down · **To what, where:** throne, strength, chariots This is Haggai 2:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, horses — and what happens in the verse to throne, strength, chariots, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 2 chapters of Haggai on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָֽפַכְתִּי֙ כִּסֵּ֣א מַמְלָכ֔וֹת וְהִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י חֹ֖זֶק מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְהָפַכְתִּ֤י מֶרְכָּבָה֙ וְרֹ֣כְבֶ֔יהָ וְיָרְד֤וּ סוּסִים֙ וְרֹ֣כְבֵיהֶ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ בְּחֶ֥רֶב אָחִֽיו׃ [and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.38/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HAG:36 # text = וְהָֽפַכְתִּי֙ כִּסֵּ֣א מַמְלָכ֔וֹת וְהִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י חֹ֖זֶק מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְהָפַכְתִּ֤י מֶרְכָּבָה֙ וְרֹ֣כְבֶ֔יהָ וְיָרְד֤וּ סוּסִים֙ וְרֹ֣כְבֵיהֶ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ בְּחֶ֥רֶב אָחִֽיו׃ # verse = HAG.2.22 1-2 וְהָֽפַכְתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAG_2:22!1|MId=o370020220011|Strong=2050b 2 הָֽפַכְתִּי֙ הָפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.overthrow|Ref=HAG_2:22!1|MId=o370020220012|Strong=2015|Frame=A0:370020200031;A1:370020220021;|Type=weqatal 3 כִּסֵּ֣א כִּסֵּא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=[the].throne|Ref=HAG_2:22!2|MId=o370020220021|Strong=3678 4 מַמְלָכ֔וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.kingdoms|Ref=HAG_2:22!3|MId=o370020220031|Strong=4467 5-6 וְהִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAG_2:22!4|MId=o370020220041|Strong=2050b 6 הִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.destroy|Ref=HAG_2:22!4|MId=o370020220042|Strong=8045|Frame=AA:370020200031;A0:370020220051;|Type=weqatal 7 חֹ֖זֶק חֹזֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=the.strength|Ref=HAG_2:22!5|MId=o370020220051|Strong=2392 8 מַמְלְכ֣וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.kingdoms|Ref=HAG_2:22!6|MId=o370020220061|Strong=4467 9-10 הַגּוֹיִ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=HAG_2:22!7|MId=o370020220071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 גּוֹיִ֑ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=HAG_2:22!7|MId=o370020220072|Strong=1471 11-12 וְהָפַכְתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAG_2:22!8|MId=o370020220081|Strong=2050b 12 הָפַכְתִּ֤י הָפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.overthrow|Ref=HAG_2:22!8|MId=o370020220082|Strong=2015|Frame=A0:370020200031;A1:370020220091;370020220102;|Type=weqatal 13 מֶרְכָּבָה֙ מֶרְכָּבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=chariotry|Ref=HAG_2:22!9|MId=o370020220091|Strong=4818 14-16 וְרֹ֣כְבֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAG_2:22!10|MId=o370020220101|Strong=2050b 15 רֹ֣כְבֶ֔י רָכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=riders|Ref=HAG_2:22!10|MId=o370020220102|Strong=7392|Frame=A1:370020220103;|Type=participle_active 16 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=HAG_2:22!10|MId=o370020220103|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְיָרְד֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAG_2:22!11|MId=o370020220111|Strong=2050b 18 יָרְד֤וּ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.go.down|Ref=HAG_2:22!11|MId=o370020220112|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:370020220121;370020220132;|Type=weqatal 19 סוּסִים֙ סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ Gloss=horses|Ref=HAG_2:22!12|MId=o370020220121|Strong=5483 20-22 וְרֹ֣כְבֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HAG_2:22!13|MId=o370020220131|Strong=2050b 21 רֹ֣כְבֵי רָכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=riders|Ref=HAG_2:22!13|MId=o370020220132|Strong=7392|Frame=A1:370020220133;|Type=participle_active 22 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=HAG_2:22!13|MId=o370020220133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=HAG_2:22!14|MId=o370020220141|Strong=0376 24-25 בְּחֶ֥רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=HAG_2:22!15|MId=o370020220151|Strong=0871a 25 חֶ֥רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.sword|Ref=HAG_2:22!15|MId=o370020220152|Strong=2719 26-27 אָחִֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אָחִֽי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.brother|Ref=HAG_2:22!16|MId=o370020220161|Strong=0251 27 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=HAG_2:22!16|MId=o370020220162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=HAG_2:22!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָֽפַכְתִּי *I will overthrow* | weqatal · qal | | כִּסֵּא *\[the\] throne* | | | | הִשְׁמַדְתִּי *I will destroy* | weqatal · hiphil | חֹזֶק *the strength* | | | | | הָפַכְתִּי *I will overthrow* | weqatal · qal | | מֶרְכָּבָה *chariotry* + רֹכְבֶי *riders* | | | | רֹכְבֶי *riders* | participle active · qal | | הָ *its* | | | | יָרְדוּ *they will go down* | weqatal · qal | סוּסִים *horses* + רֹכְבֵי *riders* | | | | | רֹכְבֵי *riders* | participle active · qal | | הֶם *their* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאֶהֱפּוֹךְ כּוּרְסֵי מַלְכוּתָא וְאֶתְּבַּר תּוֹקֶף מַלְכְוַת עַמְמַיָא וְאֶהֱפּוֹךְ רְתִיכִין וְרָכְבֵיהוֹן וְיִתְקַטְלוּן סוּסְוָן וְרָכְבֵיהוֹן גְבַר בְּחַרְבָּא דַאֲחוּהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms, and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.38/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HAG:36`. - ← previous: [Haggai 2:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.2.21/) - next →: [Haggai 2:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.2.23/) - ↑ back to [Haggai 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG/2/)