--- title: Hosea 10:15 — So hath Beth-el done unto you because of your great wickedness; at d… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So hath Beth-el done unto you because of your great wickedness; at daybreak is the king of Israel utterly cut off. Who acts: Beth el. Hosea 10:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/10/) / 10:15 # Hosea 10:15 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** Beth el · **What happens:** do, cut off · **To what, where:** king, daybreak This is Hosea 10:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Beth el — and what happens in the verse to king, daybreak, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּ֗כָה עָשָׂ֤ה לָכֶם֙ בֵּֽית־אֵ֔לבֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל מִפְּנֵ֖י רָעַ֣ת רָֽעַתְכֶ֑ם בַּשַּׁ֕חַר נִדְמֹ֥ה נִדְמָ֖ה מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [So hath Beth-el done unto you because of your great wickedness; at daybreak is the king of Israel utterly cut off.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.153/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:145 # text = כָּ֗כָה עָשָׂ֤ה לָכֶם֙ בֵּֽית־אֵ֔לבֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל מִפְּנֵ֖י רָעַ֣ת רָֽעַתְכֶ֑ם בַּשַּׁ֕חַר נִדְמֹ֥ה נִדְמָ֖ה מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = HOS.10.15 1 כָּ֗כָה כָּכָה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=HOS_10:15!1|MId=o280100150011|Strong=3602 2 עָשָׂ֤ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=someone.will.do|Ref=HOS_10:15!2|MId=o280100150021|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 3-4 לָכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HOS_10:15!3|MId=o280100150031|Strong=3807a 4 ָכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=HOS_10:15!3|MId=o280100150032|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5-6 בֵּֽית־אֵ֔לבֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל בֵּית־אֵל PROPN _ _ 2 dislocated _ Gloss=O|Ref=HOS_10:15!4|MId=o280100150041 6 בֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל בֵּיתְאֵל PROPN _ _ 5 dep _ Gloss=Bethel|Ref=HOS_10:15!5|MId=o280100150051 7-8 מִפְּנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=HOS_10:15!6|MId=o280100150061|Strong=4480 8 פְּנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=of|Ref=HOS_10:15!6|MId=o280100150062|Strong=6440 9 רָעַ֣ת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.evil|Ref=HOS_10:15!7|MId=o280100150071|Strong=7451b 10-11 רָֽעַתְכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 רָֽעַת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.wickedness|Ref=HOS_10:15!8|MId=o280100150081|Strong=7451b 11 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=HOS_10:15!8|MId=o280100150082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 12-14 בַּשַּׁ֕חַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=HOS_10:15!9|MId=o280100150091|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=HOS_10:15!9|MId=o280100150091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 שַּׁ֕חַר שַׁחַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=dawn|Ref=HOS_10:15!9|MId=o280100150092|Strong=7837 15 נִדְמֹ֥ה דָּמָה VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 16 obl:npmod _ Gloss=utterly.(destroyed)|Ref=HOS_10:15!10|MId=o280100150101|Strong=1820a|Type=infinitive_absolute 16 נִדְמָ֖ה דָּמָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.be.destroyed|Ref=HOS_10:15!11|MId=o280100150111|Strong=1820a|Frame=A1:280100150111;|Type=qatal 17 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=HOS_10:15!12|MId=o280100150121|Strong=4428 18 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=HOS_10:15!13|MId=o280100150131|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=HOS_10:15!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשָׂה *someone will do* | qatal · qal | | | | | | נִדְמָה *he will be destroyed* | qatal · niphal | | נִדְמָה *he will be destroyed* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כֵּן גְרָמוּ לְכוֹן חוֹבִין דְחַבְתּוּן בְּבֵית אֵל מִן קֳדָם בִּישׁוּת עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן בְּסוֹפָא בְּהִית וְאִתְכְּנַע מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So hath Beth-el done unto you because of your great wickedness; at daybreak is the king of Israel utterly cut off.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.153/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:145`. - ← previous: [Hosea 10:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.14/) - next →: [Hosea 11:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.11.1/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/10/)