--- title: Hosea 10:3 — Surely now shall they say: 'We have no king; for we feared not the L… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Surely now shall they say: 'We have no king; for we feared not the LORD; and the king, what can he do for us?' Who acts: pillars, We, king. Hosea 10:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/10/) / 10:3 # Hosea 10:3 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** pillars, We, king · **What happens:** say, have, not fear, do · **To what, where:** king, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Hosea 10:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — pillars, We, king — and what happens in the verse to king, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֤י עַתָּה֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ אֵ֥ין מֶ֖לֶךְ לָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָרֵ֙אנוּ֙ אֶת־יְהֹוָ֔הוְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה־יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לָּֽנוּ׃ [Surely now shall they say: 'We have no king; for we feared not the LORD; and the king, what can he do for us?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.140/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:133 # text = כִּ֤י עַתָּה֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ אֵ֥ין מֶ֖לֶךְ לָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָרֵ֙אנוּ֙ אֶת־יְהֹוָ֔הוְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה־יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לָּֽנוּ׃ # verse = HOS.10.3 1 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=HOS_10:3!1|MId=o280100030011|Strong=3588 2 עַתָּה֙ עַתָּה ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=HOS_10:3!2|MId=o280100030021|Strong=6258 3 יֹֽאמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.say|Ref=HOS_10:3!3|MId=o280100030031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:280100010031;|Type=yiqtol 4 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 3 ccomp _ Gloss=there.[belongs].not|Ref=HOS_10:3!4|MId=o280100030041|Strong=0369|Type=negative 5 מֶ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=a.king|Ref=HOS_10:3!5|MId=o280100030051|Strong=4428 6-7 לָ֑נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ל לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HOS_10:3!6|MId=o280100030061|Strong=3807a 7 ָ֑נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=HOS_10:3!6|MId=o280100030062|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 8 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=HOS_10:3!7|MId=o280100030071|Strong=3588 9 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=HOS_10:3!8|MId=o280100030081|Strong=3808|Type=negative 10 יָרֵ֙אנוּ֙ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 4 parataxis _ Gloss=we.fear|Ref=HOS_10:3!9|MId=o280100030091|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:280100010031;A1:280100030111;|Type=qatal 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=HOS_10:3!10|MId=o280100030101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-15 יְהֹוָ֔הוְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 יְהֹוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 obj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=HOS_10:3!11|MId=o280100030111|Strong=3068 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_10:3!12|MId=o280100030121|Strong=2050b 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=HOS_10:3!12|MId=o280100030122|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=HOS_10:3!12|MId=o280100030123|Strong=4428 16 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 17 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=HOS_10:3!13|MId=o280100030131|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 17 יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=will.he.do|Ref=HOS_10:3!14|MId=o280100030141|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:280100030123;A1:280100030131;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 לָּֽנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=HOS_10:3!15|MId=o280100030151|Strong=3807a 19 ָֽנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=HOS_10:3!15|MId=o280100030152|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=HOS_10:3!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יֹֽאמְרוּ *they will say* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** יָרֵאנוּ *we fear* | qatal · qal | | יְהֹוָה *Yahweh* | | | | יַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ *will he do* | yiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | מַה־ *what?* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי כְעַן יֵימְרוּן לֵית מַלְכָּא לָנָא אֲרֵי לָא דְחֵילְנָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וּמַלְכָּא מַה יַעְבֵּיד לָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Surely now shall they say: 'We have no king; for we feared not the LORD; and the king, what can he do for us?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.140/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:133`. - ← previous: [Hosea 10:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.2/) - next →: [Hosea 10:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.4/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/10/)