--- title: Hosea 12:4 — In the womb he took his brother by the heel, and by his strength he… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: In the womb he took his brother by the heel, and by his strength he strove with a godlike being; Who acts: LORD. Hosea 12:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.12.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/12/) / 12:4 # Hosea 12:4 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** take, strive · **To what, where:** brother, womb This is Hosea 12:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to brother, womb, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּבֶּ֖טֶן עָקַ֣ב אֶת־אָחִ֑יו וּבְאוֹנ֖וֹ שָׂרָ֥ה אֶת־אֱלֹהִֽים׃ [In the womb he took his brother by the heel, and by his strength he strove with a godlike being;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.172/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:160 # text = בַּבֶּ֖טֶן עָקַ֣ב אֶת־אָחִ֑יו וּבְאוֹנ֖וֹ שָׂרָ֥ה אֶת־אֱלֹהִֽים׃ # verse = HOS.12.4 1-3 בַּבֶּ֖טֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=HOS_12:4!1|MId=o280120040011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=HOS_12:4!1|MId=o280120040011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 בֶּ֖טֶן בֶּטֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=womb|Ref=HOS_12:4!1|MId=o280120040012|Strong=0990 4 עָקַ֣ב עָקַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took.by.the.heel|Ref=HOS_12:4!2|MId=o280120040021|Strong=6117|Frame=A0:280120030071;A1:280120040041;|Type=qatal 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=HOS_12:4!3|MId=o280120040031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 אָחִ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אָחִ֑י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=brother|Ref=HOS_12:4!4|MId=o280120040041|Strong=0251 7 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=HOS_12:4!4|MId=o280120040042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-11 וּבְאוֹנ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_12:4!5|MId=o280120040051|Strong=2050b 9 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=HOS_12:4!5|MId=o280120040052|Strong=0871a 10 אוֹנ אוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=strength|Ref=HOS_12:4!5|MId=o280120040053|Strong=0202 11 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=HOS_12:4!5|MId=o280120040054|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12 שָׂרָ֥ה שָׂרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.struggled|Ref=HOS_12:4!6|MId=o280120040061|Strong=8280|Frame=A0:280120030071;|Type=qatal 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=HOS_12:4!7|MId=o280120040071|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 14 אֱלֹהִֽים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=HOS_12:4!8|MId=o280120040081|Strong=0430|SpaceAfter=No 15 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 14 punct _ Ref=HOS_12:4!8 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָקַב *he took by the heel* | qatal · qal | | אָחִי *brother* | | | | שָׂרָה *he struggled* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} נְבִיָא אֱמַר לְהוֹן הֲלָא יַעֲקֹב עַד דְלָא אִתְיְלִיד אֲמִיר דְיִסְגֵי מִן אֲחוּהִי וּבְתוּקְפֵיהּ אִתְרַבְרַב עִם מַלְאָכָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [In the womb he took his brother by the heel, and by his strength he strove with a godlike being;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.172/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:160`. - ← previous: [Hosea 12:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.12.3/) - next →: [Hosea 12:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.12.5/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/12/)