--- title: Hosea 14:4 — Asshur shall not save us; we will not ride upon horses; neither will… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Asshur shall not save us; we will not ride upon horses; neither will we call any more the work of our hands our gods; for in Thee the fatherless findeth mercy.' Who acts: Asshur, we, fatherless, hands. Hosea 14:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.14.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/14/) / 14:4 # Hosea 14:4 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** Asshur, we, fatherless, hands · **What happens:** not save, not ride, call, find, work · **To what, where:** us, work, mercy, Thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Hosea 14:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Asshur, we, fatherless, hands — and what happens in the verse to us, work, mercy, Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַשּׁ֣וּר ׀ לֹ֣א יוֹשִׁיעֵ֗נוּ עַל־סוּס֙ לֹ֣א נִרְכָּ֔ב וְלֹא־נֹ֥אמַר ע֛וֹד אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ לְמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָדֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁר־בְּךָ֖ יְרֻחַ֥ם יָתֽוֹם׃ [Asshur shall not save us; we will not ride upon horses; neither will we call any more the work of our hands our gods; for in Thee the fatherless findeth mercy.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.207/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:190 # text = אַשּׁ֣וּר ׀ לֹ֣א יוֹשִׁיעֵ֗נוּ עַל־סוּס֙ לֹ֣א נִרְכָּ֔ב וְלֹא־נֹ֥אמַר ע֛וֹד אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ לְמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָדֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁר־בְּךָ֖ יְרֻחַ֥ם יָתֽוֹם׃ # verse = HOS.14.4 1 אַשּׁ֣וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Assyria|Ref=HOS_14:4!1|MId=o280140040011|Strong=0804 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=HOS_14:4!1 3 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=HOS_14:4!2|MId=o280140040021|Strong=3808|Type=negative 4-5 יוֹשִׁיעֵ֗נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 יוֹשִׁיע יָשַׁע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it|Ref=HOS_14:4!3|MId=o280140040031|Strong=3467|Frame=AA:280140040011;A0:280140040032;|Type=yiqtol 5 ֵ֗נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ Gloss=will.save.us|Ref=HOS_14:4!3|MId=o280140040032|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 6 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=HOS_14:4!4|MId=o280140040041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7 סוּס֙ סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=horse[s]|Ref=HOS_14:4!5|MId=o280140040051|Strong=5483 8 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=HOS_14:4!6|MId=o280140040061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 נִרְכָּ֔ב רָכַב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 4 parataxis _ Gloss=we.will.ride|Ref=HOS_14:4!7|MId=o280140040071|Strong=7392|Frame=A0:280140020021;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_14:4!8|MId=o280140040081|Strong=2050b 11 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=HOS_14:4!8|MId=o280140040082|Strong=3808|Type=negative 12 נֹ֥אמַר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=we.will.say|Ref=HOS_14:4!9|MId=o280140040091|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:280140020021;A1:280140040111;|Type=yiqtol 13 ע֛וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=HOS_14:4!10|MId=o280140040101|Strong=5750 14-15 אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 ccomp _ Gloss=gods|Ref=HOS_14:4!11|MId=o280140040111|Strong=0430 15 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=HOS_14:4!11|MId=o280140040112|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 16-17 לְמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HOS_14:4!12|MId=o280140040121|Strong=3807a 17 מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.work|Ref=HOS_14:4!12|MId=o280140040122|Strong=4639 18-19 יָדֵ֑ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 יָדֵ֑י יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=our.hands|Ref=HOS_14:4!13|MId=o280140040131|Strong=3027 19 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=HOS_14:4!13|MId=o280140040132|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 20 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=HOS_14:4!14|MId=o280140040141|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 בְּךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=HOS_14:4!15|MId=o280140040151|Strong=0871a 22 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=HOS_14:4!15|MId=o280140040152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 יְרֻחַ֥ם רָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 ccomp _ Gloss=he.is.shown.compassion|Ref=HOS_14:4!16|MId=o280140040161|Strong=7355|Frame=A1:280140040171;|Type=yiqtol 24 יָתֽוֹם יָתוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].fatherless|Ref=HOS_14:4!17|MId=o280140040171|Strong=3490|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=HOS_14:4!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · neg | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יוֹשִׁיע *it* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֵנוּ *will save us* | | | אַשּׁוּר *Assyria* | | **not** נִרְכָּב *we will ride* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** נֹאמַר *we will say* | yiqtol · qal | | אֱלֹהֵי *gods* | | | | יְרֻחַם *he is shown compassion* | yiqtol · pual | | יָתֽוֹם *\[the\] fatherless* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מַלְכֵי אַתּוּר לָא יִפְרְקִנָנָא עַל רָכְבֵי סוּסְוָן לָא נִתְרְחֵיץ וְלָא נֹאמַר עוֹד אֱלָהָנָא לְעוֹבָדֵי יְדָנָא דְמִן קֳדָמָךְ אִתְרַחֵם עַל אֲבָהְתָנָא כַּד הֲווֹ בְמִצְרַיִם הָא כְּיַתְמִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Asshur shall not save us; we will not ride upon horses; neither will we call any more the work of our hands our gods; for in Thee the fatherless findeth mercy.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.207/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:190`. - ← previous: [Hosea 14:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.14.3/) - next →: [Hosea 14:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.14.5/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/14/)