--- title: Hosea 2:14 — And I will lay waste her vines and her fig-trees, whereof she hath s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I will lay waste her vines and her fig-trees, whereof she hath said: 'These are my hire that my lovers have given me'; and I will make them a forest, and the beasts of the field shall eat them. Who acts: I, mother, These, lovers. Hosea 2:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.2.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/2/) / 2:14 # Hosea 2:14 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** I, mother, These, lovers, beasts · **What happens:** lay, say, be, give, make, eat · **To what, where:** waste, hire, me, lovers · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Hosea 2:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, mother, These, lovers, beasts — and what happens in the verse to waste, hire, me, lovers, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֗י גַּפְנָהּ֙ וּתְאֵ֣נָתָ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמְרָ֗ה אֶתְנָ֥ה הֵ֙מָּה֙ לִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתְנוּ־לִ֖י מְאַֽהֲבָ֑י וְשַׂמְתִּ֣ים לְיַ֔עַר וַאֲכָלָ֖תַם חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ [And I will lay waste her vines and her fig-trees, whereof she hath said: 'These are my hire that my lovers have given me'; and I will make them a forest, and the beasts of the field shall eat them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.23/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:22 # text = וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֗י גַּפְנָהּ֙ וּתְאֵ֣נָתָ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמְרָ֗ה אֶתְנָ֥ה הֵ֙מָּה֙ לִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתְנוּ־לִ֖י מְאַֽהֲבָ֑י וְשַׂמְתִּ֣ים לְיַ֔עַר וַאֲכָלָ֖תַם חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ # verse = HOS.2.14 1-2 וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_2:14!1|MId=o280020140011|Strong=2050b 2 הֲשִׁמֹּתִ֗י שָׁמֵם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.devastate|Ref=HOS_2:14!1|MId=o280020140012|Strong=8074|Frame=AA:280010040021;A0:280020140021;280020140032;|Type=weqatal 3-4 גַּפְנָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 גַּפְנ גֶּפֶן NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=vine[s]|Ref=HOS_2:14!2|MId=o280020140021|Strong=1612 4 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=HOS_2:14!2|MId=o280020140022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5-7 וּתְאֵ֣נָתָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_2:14!3|MId=o280020140031|Strong=2050b 6 תְאֵ֣נָת תְּאֵנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=her.fig|Ref=HOS_2:14!3|MId=o280020140032|Strong=8384 7 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=tree[s]|Ref=HOS_2:14!3|MId=o280020140033|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=HOS_2:14!4|MId=o280020140041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 אָמְרָ֗ה אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 acl:relcl _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=HOS_2:14!5|MId=o280020140051|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:280020070051;A1:280020140061;|Type=qatal 10 אֶתְנָ֥ה אֶתְנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 ccomp _ Gloss=[are].wage[s]|Ref=HOS_2:14!6|MId=o280020140061|Strong=0866 11 הֵ֙מָּה֙ הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=HOS_2:14!7|MId=o280020140071|Strong=1992|Type=personal 12-13 לִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=HOS_2:14!8|MId=o280020140081|Strong=3807a 13 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=HOS_2:14!8|MId=o280020140082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=HOS_2:14!9|MId=o280020140091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 נָֽתְנוּ־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.gave|Ref=HOS_2:14!10|MId=o280020140101|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:280020140121;A1:280020140061;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 לִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 ל לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=HOS_2:14!11|MId=o280020140111|Strong=3807a 17 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=HOS_2:14!11|MId=o280020140112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18-19 מְאַֽהֲבָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מְאַֽהֲב אָהֵב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=lovers|Ref=HOS_2:14!12|MId=o280020140121|Strong=0157|Type=participle_active 19 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=HOS_2:14!12|MId=o280020140122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20-22 וְשַׂמְתִּ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_2:14!13|MId=o280020140131|Strong=2050b 21 שַׂמְתִּ֣י שׂים VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=HOS_2:14!13|MId=o280020140132|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:280010040021;A1:280020140133;|Type=weqatal 22 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ Gloss=will.make.them|Ref=HOS_2:14!13|MId=o280020140133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְיַ֔עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=HOS_2:14!14|MId=o280020140141|Strong=3807a 24 יַ֔עַר יַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=a.thicket|Ref=HOS_2:14!14|MId=o280020140142|Strong=3293 25-27 וַאֲכָלָ֖תַם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_2:14!15|MId=o280020140151|Strong=2050b 26 אֲכָלָ֖ת אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it|Ref=HOS_2:14!15|MId=o280020140152|Strong=0398|Frame=A1:280020140153;A0:280020140161;|Type=weqatal 27 ַם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=will.consume.them|Ref=HOS_2:14!15|MId=o280020140153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28 חַיַּ֥ת חַיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=the.animal[s]|Ref=HOS_2:14!16|MId=o280020140161|Strong=2416c 29-30 הַשָּׂדֶֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=HOS_2:14!17|MId=o280020140171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 שָּׂדֶֽה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=HOS_2:14!17|MId=o280020140172|Strong=7704 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=HOS_2:14!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֲשִׁמֹּתִי *I will devastate* | weqatal · hiphil | גַּפְנ *vine\[s\]* + תְאֵנָת *her fig* | | | | | אָמְרָה *she said* | qatal · qal | | אֶתְנָה *\[are\] wage\[s\]* | | | | נָֽתְנוּ־ *they gave* | qatal · qal | מְאַֽהֲב *lovers* | אֶתְנָה *\[are\] wage\[s\]* | | | | שַׂמְתִּי *I* | weqatal · qal | | ם *will make them* | | | | אֲכָלָת *it* | weqatal · qal | חַיַּת *the animal\[s\]* | ַם *will consume them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַצְדֵי פֵרִי גוּפְנָהּ וְתֵינָהּ דַהֲוַת אָמְרָה יְקַר אִינוּן לִי דִיהָבוּ לִי עַמְמַיָא רַחֲמֵי וַאֲשַׁוִינוּן לְחוּרְשָׁא וְתַכְלִינוּן חַיַת בָּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I will lay waste her vines and her fig-trees, whereof she hath said: 'These are my hire that my lovers have given me'; and I will make them a forest, and the beasts of the field shall eat them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.23/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:22`. - ← previous: [Hosea 2:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.2.13/) - next →: [Hosea 2:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.2.15/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/2/)