--- title: Hosea 7:1 — when I would heal Israel, then is the iniquity of Ephraim uncovered,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: when I would heal Israel, then is the iniquity of Ephraim uncovered, and the wickedness of Samaria, for they commit falsehood; and the thief entereth in, and the troop of robbers maketh a raid without. Who acts: I, they, thief, troop. Hosea 7:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/7/) / 7:1 # Hosea 7:1 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** I, they, thief, troop · **What happens:** heal, uncover, commit, enter, make · **To what, where:** Israel, iniquity, falsehood, raid This is Hosea 7:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, they, thief, troop — and what happens in the verse to Israel, iniquity, falsehood, raid, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כְּרָפְאִ֣י לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְנִגְלָ֞ה עֲוֺ֤ן אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ וְרָע֣וֹת שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י פָעֲל֖וּ שָׁ֑קֶר וְגַנָּ֣ב יָב֔וֹא פָּשַׁ֥ט גְּד֖וּד בַּחֽוּץ׃ [when I would heal Israel, then is the iniquity of Ephraim uncovered, and the wickedness of Samaria, for they commit falsehood; and the thief entereth in, and the troop of robbers maketh a raid without.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.87/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:84 # text = כְּרָפְאִ֣י לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְנִגְלָ֞ה עֲוֺ֤ן אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ וְרָע֣וֹת שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י פָעֲל֖וּ שָׁ֑קֶר וְגַנָּ֣ב יָב֔וֹא פָּשַׁ֥ט גְּד֖וּד בַּחֽוּץ׃ # verse = HOS.7.1 1-3 כְּרָפְאִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=HOS_7:1!1|MId=o280070010011|Strong=3509a 2 רָפְא רָפָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=as|Ref=HOS_7:1!1|MId=o280070010012|Strong=7495|Frame=A0:280070010013;|Type=infinitive_construct 3 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=I.heal|Ref=HOS_7:1!1|MId=o280070010013|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 4-5 לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=HOS_7:1!2|MId=o280070010021|Strong=3807a 5 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=HOS_7:1!2|MId=o280070010022|Strong=3478 6-7 וְנִגְלָ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_7:1!3|MId=o280070010031|Strong=2050b 7 נִגְלָ֞ה גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.is.revealed|Ref=HOS_7:1!3|MId=o280070010032|Strong=1540|Frame=A1:280070010041;280070010062;|Type=qatal 8 עֲוֺ֤ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=the.iniquity|Ref=HOS_7:1!4|MId=o280070010041|Strong=5771 9 אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶפְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephraim|Ref=HOS_7:1!5|MId=o280070010051|Strong=0669 10-11 וְרָע֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_7:1!6|MId=o280070010061|Strong=2050b 11 רָע֣וֹת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=the.evil.deeds|Ref=HOS_7:1!6|MId=o280070010062|Strong=7451b 12 שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן שֹׁמְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Samaria|Ref=HOS_7:1!7|MId=o280070010071|Strong=8111 13 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=HOS_7:1!8|MId=o280070010081|Strong=3588 14 פָעֲל֖וּ פָּעַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=they.do|Ref=HOS_7:1!9|MId=o280070010091|Strong=6466|Frame=A0:280070010051;280070010071;A1:280070010101;|Type=qatal 15 שָׁ֑קֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=falsehood|Ref=HOS_7:1!10|MId=o280070010101|Strong=8267 16-17 וְגַנָּ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_7:1!11|MId=o280070010111|Strong=2050b 17 גַנָּ֣ב גַּנָּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=a.thief|Ref=HOS_7:1!11|MId=o280070010112|Strong=1590 18 יָב֔וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.comes|Ref=HOS_7:1!12|MId=o280070010121|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:280070010112;|Type=yiqtol 19 פָּשַׁ֥ט פָּשַׁט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.attacks|Ref=HOS_7:1!13|MId=o280070010131|Strong=6584|Frame=A0:280070010141;|Type=qatal 20 גְּד֖וּד גְּדוּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=a.marauding.band|Ref=HOS_7:1!14|MId=o280070010141|Strong=1416 21-23 בַּחֽוּץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=HOS_7:1!15|MId=o280070010151|Strong=0871a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=HOS_7:1!15|MId=o280070010151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 חֽוּץ חוּץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=street|Ref=HOS_7:1!15|MId=o280070010152|Strong=2351 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=HOS_7:1!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רָפְא *as* | infinitive construct · qal | ִי *I heal* | | | | | נִגְלָה *it is revealed* | qatal · niphal | | עֲוֺן *the iniquity* + רָעוֹת *the evil deeds* | | | | פָעֲלוּ *they do* | qatal · qal | אֶפְרַיִם *of Ephraim* + שֹֽׁמְרוֹן *of Samaria* | שָׁקֶר *falsehood* | | | | יָבוֹא *he comes* | yiqtol · qal | גַנָּב *a thief* | | | | | פָּשַׁט *it attacks* | qatal · qal | גְּדוּד *a marauding band* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כְּמִתְבְּעֵי חוֹבֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיִתְגַלְיָן עֶוְיַת אֶפְרַיִם וּבִישַׁת שֹׁמְרוֹן אֲרֵי עֲבָדוּ שְׁקַר וּבְלֵילְיָא בְבָתַּיָא גָנְבִין וּמַדְבְּרָא בִּימָמָא קַפְּחִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [when I would heal Israel, then is the iniquity of Ephraim uncovered, and the wickedness of Samaria, for they commit falsehood; and the thief entereth in, and the troop of robbers maketh a raid without.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.87/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:84`. - ← previous: [Hosea 6:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.6.11/) - next →: [Hosea 7:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.2/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/7/)