--- title: Hosea 8:10 — Yea, though they hire among the nations, now will I gather them up;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yea, though they hire among the nations, now will I gather them up; and they begin to be minished by reason of the burden of king and princes. Who acts: strangers, I, reason. Hosea 8:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.8.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/8/) / 8:10 # Hosea 8:10 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** strangers, I, reason · **What happens:** hire, gather up, begin, minish, burden · **To what, where:** strangers, king This is Hosea 8:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — strangers, I, reason — and what happens in the verse to strangers, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּ֛ם כִּֽי־יִתְנ֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֖ם עַתָּ֣ה אֲקַבְּצֵ֑ם וַיָּחֵ֣לּוּ מְּעָ֔ט מִמַּשָּׂ֖א מֶ֥לֶךְ שָׂרִֽים׃ [Yea, though they hire among the nations, now will I gather them up; and they begin to be minished by reason of the burden of king and princes.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.113/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:109 # text = גַּ֛ם כִּֽי־יִתְנ֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֖ם עַתָּ֣ה אֲקַבְּצֵ֑ם וַיָּחֵ֣לּוּ מְּעָ֔ט מִמַּשָּׂ֖א מֶ֥לֶךְ שָׂרִֽים׃ # verse = HOS.8.10 1 גַּ֛ם גַּם ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=HOS_8:10!1|MId=o280080100011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 2 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=HOS_8:10!2|MId=o280080100021|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 3 יִתְנ֥וּ תָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.hire|Ref=HOS_8:10!3|MId=o280080100031|Strong=8566|Frame=A0:280080090081;|Type=yiqtol 4-6 בַגּוֹיִ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=HOS_8:10!4|MId=o280080100041|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=HOS_8:10!4|MId=o280080100041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 גּוֹיִ֖ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=nations|Ref=HOS_8:10!4|MId=o280080100042|Strong=1471 7 עַתָּ֣ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=HOS_8:10!5|MId=o280080100051|Strong=6258 8-9 אֲקַבְּצֵ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֲקַבְּצ קָבַץ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=HOS_8:10!6|MId=o280080100061|Strong=6908|Frame=A0:280080010071;A1:280080100062;|Type=yiqtol 9 ֵ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=will.gather.them|Ref=HOS_8:10!6|MId=o280080100062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַיָּחֵ֣לּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_8:10!7|MId=o280080100071|Strong=2050b 11 יָּחֵ֣לּוּ חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.have.begun|Ref=HOS_8:10!7|MId=o280080100072|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:280080090081;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 מְּעָ֔ט מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 advmod _ Gloss=a.few|Ref=HOS_8:10!8|MId=o280080100081|Strong=4592|Type=adjective 13-14 מִמַּשָּׂ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=HOS_8:10!9|MId=o280080100091|Strong=4480 14 מַּשָּׂ֖א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=burden|Ref=HOS_8:10!9|MId=o280080100092|Strong=4853 15 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.king|Ref=HOS_8:10!10|MId=o280080100101|Strong=4428 16 שָׂרִֽים שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 appos _ Gloss=of.princes|Ref=HOS_8:10!11|MId=o280080100111|Strong=8269|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=HOS_8:10!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִתְנוּ *they will hire* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֲקַבְּצ *I* | yiqtol · piel | | ֵם *will gather them* | | | | יָּחֵלּוּ *they have begun* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אַף אִם יְשַׁווּן בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל דַחַלְתִּי עַל לִבְּהוֹן מִבֵּינֵי עַמְמַיָא אֲקָרֵיב גָלוּתְהוֹן וַאֲפִילוּ יֶחְכְּמוּן כִּזְעֵיר אַעְדֵי מִנְהוֹן מַרְוַת מַלְכִּין וְשִׁלְטוֹנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yea, though they hire among the nations, now will I gather them up; and they begin to be minished by reason of the burden of king and princes.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.113/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:109`. - ← previous: [Hosea 8:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.8.9/) - next →: [Hosea 8:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.8.11/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/8/)