--- title: Hosea 9:16 — Ephraim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Ephraim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit; yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay the beloved fruit of their womb. Who acts: birth, I. Hosea 9:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.9.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/9/) / 9:16 # Hosea 9:16 הוֹשֵׁעַ **Who acts:** birth, I · **What happens:** smite, dry up, bear, bring, slay · **To what, where:** Ephraim, root, fruit, beloved fruit This is Hosea 9:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — birth, I — and what happens in the verse to Ephraim, root, fruit, beloved fruit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הֻכָּ֣ה אֶפְרַ֔יִם שָׁרְשָׁ֥ם יָבֵ֖שׁ פְּרִ֣י בַֽל־יַעֲשׂ֑וּן גַּ֚ם כִּ֣י יֵֽלֵד֔וּן וְהֵמַתִּ֖י מַחֲמַדֵּ֥י בִטְנָֽם׃ס [Ephraim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit; yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay the beloved fruit of their womb.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.136/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:HOS:129 # text = הֻכָּ֣ה אֶפְרַ֔יִם שָׁרְשָׁ֥ם יָבֵ֖שׁ פְּרִ֣י בַֽל־יַעֲשׂ֑וּן גַּ֚ם כִּ֣י יֵֽלֵד֔וּן וְהֵמַתִּ֖י מַחֲמַדֵּ֥י בִטְנָֽם׃ס # verse = HOS.9.16 1 הֻכָּ֣ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.been.struck|Ref=HOS_9:16!1|MId=o280090160011|Strong=5221|Frame=A1:280090160021;|Type=qatal 2 אֶפְרַ֔יִם אֶפְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 1 nsubj _ Gloss=Ephraim|Ref=HOS_9:16!2|MId=o280090160021|Strong=0669 3-4 שָׁרְשָׁ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 שָׁרְשׁ שֹׁרֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=root|Ref=HOS_9:16!3|MId=o280090160031|Strong=8328 4 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=HOS_9:16!3|MId=o280090160032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 יָבֵ֖שׁ יָבֵשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.dried.up|Ref=HOS_9:16!4|MId=o280090160041|Strong=3001|Frame=A0:280090160031;|Type=qatal 6 פְּרִ֣י פְּרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=HOS_9:16!5|MId=o280090160051|Strong=6529 7 בַֽל־ בַּל ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=HOS_9:16!7|MId=o280090160071|Strong=1077|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 יַעֲשׂ֑וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 יַעֲשׂ֑וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=HOS_9:16!8|MId=o280090160081|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:280090160021;A1:280090160051;|Type=yiqtol 9 ן נ X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=will.produce|Ref=HOS_9:16!8|MId=o280090160082|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 10 גַּ֚ם גַּם ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=HOS_9:16!9|MId=o280090160091|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 11 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=HOS_9:16!10|MId=o280090160101|Strong=3588 12-13 יֵֽלֵד֔וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 יֵֽלֵד֔וּ יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=they.[masc]|Ref=HOS_9:16!11|MId=o280090160111|Strong=3205|Frame=A0:280090160021;|Type=yiqtol 13 ן נ X _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=will.give.birth|Ref=HOS_9:16!11|MId=o280090160112|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 14-15 וְהֵמַתִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=HOS_9:16!12|MId=o280090160121|Strong=2050b 15 הֵמַתִּ֖י מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 conj _ Gloss=I.will.put.to.death|Ref=HOS_9:16!12|MId=o280090160122|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:280090140031;A0:280090160131;|Type=weqatal 16 מַחֲמַדֵּ֥י מַחְמָד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obj _ Gloss=the.desirable.things|Ref=HOS_9:16!13|MId=o280090160131|Strong=4261 17-18 בִטְנָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בִטְנ בֶּטֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.[masc].womb|Ref=HOS_9:16!14|MId=o280090160141|Strong=0990 18 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=HOS_9:16!14|MId=o280090160142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=HOS_9:16!14|SpaceAfter=No 20 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=HOS_9:16!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֻכָּה *he has been struck* | qatal · hophal | | אֶפְרַיִם *Ephraim* | | | | יָבֵשׁ *it has dried up* | qatal · qal | שָׁרְשׁ *root* | | | | | **not** יַעֲשׂוּ *they* | yiqtol · qal | אֶפְרַיִם *Ephraim* | פְּרִי *fruit* | | | | יֵֽלֵדוּ *they \[masc\]* | yiqtol · qal | אֶפְרַיִם *Ephraim* | | | | | הֵמַתִּי *I will put to death* | weqatal · hiphil | מַחֲמַדֵּי *the desirable things* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל דָמָן לְאִילָנָא דִקְלָא שָׁרָשׁוֹהִי מִלְרַע וְיָבֵשׁ נוֹפֵיהּ מִלְעֵלָא נוֹב לָא יַעֲבֵיד אַף אִם יַרְבּוּן בְּנִין וְאֶקְטוֹל שְׁפַר מָעֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Ephraim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit; yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay the beloved fruit of their womb.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.136/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:HOS:129`. - ← previous: [Hosea 9:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.9.15/) - next →: [Hosea 9:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.9.17/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/9/)