--- title: Isaiah 10:2 — To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right of the poor of My people, that widows may be their spoil, and that they may make the fatherless their prey! Who acts: widows. Isaiah 10:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/10/) / 10:2 # Isaiah 10:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** widows · **What happens:** turn aside, take away, be, make · **To what, where:** needy, judgment, right, spoil, fatherless This is Isaiah 10:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — widows — and what happens in the verse to needy, judgment, right, spoil, fatherless, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לְהַטּ֤וֹת מִדִּין֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְלִגְזֹ֕ל מִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיֵּ֣י עַמִּ֑י לִהְי֤וֹת אַלְמָנוֹת֙ שְׁלָלָ֔ם וְאֶת־יְתוֹמִ֖ים יָבֹֽזּוּ׃ [To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right of the poor of My people, that widows may be their spoil, and that they may make the fatherless their prey!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.212/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:197 # text = לְהַטּ֤וֹת מִדִּין֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְלִגְזֹ֕ל מִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיֵּ֣י עַמִּ֑י לִהְי֤וֹת אַלְמָנוֹת֙ שְׁלָלָ֔ם וְאֶת־יְתוֹמִ֖ים יָבֹֽזּוּ׃ # verse = ISA.10.2 1-2 לְהַטּ֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_10:2!1|MId=o230100020011|Strong=3807a 2 הַטּ֤וֹת נָטָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 0 root _ Gloss=turn.aside|Ref=ISA_10:2!1|MId=o230100020012|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:230100010022;|Type=infinitive_construct 3-4 מִדִּין֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_10:2!2|MId=o230100020021|Strong=4480 4 דִּין֙ דִּין NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=judgment|Ref=ISA_10:2!2|MId=o230100020022|Strong=1779 5 דַּלִּ֔ים דַּל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=poor.[people]|Ref=ISA_10:2!3|MId=o230100020031|Strong=1800|Type=adjective 6-8 וְלִגְזֹ֕ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_10:2!4|MId=o230100020041|Strong=2050b 7 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_10:2!4|MId=o230100020042|Strong=3807a 8 גְזֹ֕ל גָּזַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 conj _ Gloss=take.away|Ref=ISA_10:2!4|MId=o230100020043|Strong=1497|Frame=A0:230100010022;A1:230100020051;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 מִשְׁפַּ֖ט מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=the.justice|Ref=ISA_10:2!5|MId=o230100020051|Strong=4941 10 עֲנִיֵּ֣י עָנִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.poor.[people]|Ref=ISA_10:2!6|MId=o230100020061|Strong=6041|Type=adjective 11-12 עַמִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.people|Ref=ISA_10:2!7|MId=o230100020071|Strong=5971 12 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_10:2!7|MId=o230100020072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13-14 לִהְי֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_10:2!8|MId=o230100020081|Strong=3807a 14 הְי֤וֹת הָיָה AUX _ HebBinyan=QAL 16 cop _ Gloss=be|Ref=ISA_10:2!8|MId=o230100020082|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:230100020091;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 אַלְמָנוֹת֙ אַלְמָנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=widows|Ref=ISA_10:2!9|MId=o230100020091|Strong=0490 16-17 שְׁלָלָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 שְׁלָל שָׁלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=prey|Ref=ISA_10:2!10|MId=o230100020101|Strong=7998 17 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ISA_10:2!10|MId=o230100020102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_10:2!11|MId=o230100020111|Strong=2050b 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ISA_10:2!11|MId=o230100020112|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 יְתוֹמִ֖ים יָתוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obj _ Gloss=fatherless.ones|Ref=ISA_10:2!12|MId=o230100020121|Strong=3490 21 יָבֹֽזּוּ בָּזַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.plunder|Ref=ISA_10:2!13|MId=o230100020131|Strong=0962|Frame=A0:230100010022;A1:230100020121;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=ISA_10:2!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַטּוֹת *turn aside* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | | | | | גְזֹל *take away* | infinitive construct · qal | | מִשְׁפַּט *the justice* | | | | הְיוֹת *be* | infinitive construct · qal | אַלְמָנוֹת *widows* | | | | | יָבֹֽזּוּ *they will plunder* | yiqtol · qal | | יְתוֹמִים *fatherless ones* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} לְאַסְטָאָה מִדִין מִסְכְּנִין וּלְמֵינַס מַה דִרָעָן מֵחֲשִׁיכֵי עַמָא בְּדִינָא לְמֶהֱוֵי אַרְמְלָן עֲדֵיהוֹן וְיַת נִכְסֵי יַתְמַיָא יִבְזוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right of the poor of My people, that widows may be their spoil, and that they may make the fatherless their prey!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.212/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:197`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 10:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.1/) - next →: [Isaiah 10:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.3/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/10/)