--- title: Isaiah 10:24 — Therefore thus saith the Lord, the GOD of hosts: O My people that dw… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore thus saith the Lord, the GOD of hosts: O My people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of Asshur, though he smite thee with the rod, and lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt. Who acts: Lord, people. Isaiah 10:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/10/) / 10:24 # Isaiah 10:24 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Lord, people · **What happens:** say, dwell, not be, smite, lift up · **To what, where:** Zion, thee, staff · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 10:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord, people — and what happens in the verse to Zion, thee, staff, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ צְבָא֔וֹת אַל־תִּירָ֥א עַמִּ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב צִיּ֖וֹן מֵֽאַשּׁ֑וּר בַּשֵּׁ֣בֶט יַכֶּ֔כָּה וּמַטֵּ֥הוּ יִשָּֽׂא־עָלֶ֖יךָ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ [Therefore thus saith the Lord, the GOD of hosts: O My people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of Asshur, though he smite thee with the rod, and lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.240/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:219 # text = לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ צְבָא֔וֹת אַל־תִּירָ֥א עַמִּ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב צִיּ֖וֹן מֵֽאַשּׁ֑וּר בַּשֵּׁ֣בֶט יַכֶּ֔כָּה וּמַטֵּ֥הוּ יִשָּֽׂא־עָלֶ֖יךָ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ # verse = ISA.10.24 1-2 לָכֵ֗ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=ISA_10:24!1|MId=o230100240011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵ֗ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_10:24!1|MId=o230100240012|Strong=3651 3 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=ISA_10:24!2|MId=o230100240021|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 4 אָמַ֞ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=ISA_10:24!3|MId=o230100240031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230100240041;|Type=qatal 5-6 אֲדֹנָ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=ISA_10:24!4|MId=o230100240041|Strong=0136 6 ָ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=ISA_10:24!4|MId=o230100240042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 יְהוִה֙ יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 5 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_10:24!5|MId=o230100240051|Strong=3069 8 צְבָא֔וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_10:24!6|MId=o230100240061|Strong=6635 9 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=ISA_10:24!7|MId=o230100240071|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 תִּירָ֥א יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 ccomp _ Gloss=be.afraid|Ref=ISA_10:24!8|MId=o230100240081|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:230100240091;|Type=jussive 11-12 עַמִּ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 dislocated _ Gloss=my.people|Ref=ISA_10:24!9|MId=o230100240091|Strong=5971 12 ִ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_10:24!9|MId=o230100240092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13 יֹשֵׁ֥ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=[which].dwells|Ref=ISA_10:24!10|MId=o230100240101|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:230100240091;|Type=participle_active 14 צִיּ֖וֹן צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Zion|Ref=ISA_10:24!11|MId=o230100240111|Strong=6726 15-16 מֵֽאַשּׁ֑וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_10:24!12|MId=o230100240121|Strong=4480 16 אַשּׁ֑וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Assyria|Ref=ISA_10:24!12|MId=o230100240122|Strong=0804 17-19 בַּשֵּׁ֣בֶט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_10:24!13|MId=o230100240131|Strong=0871a 18 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_10:24!13|MId=o230100240131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 שֵּׁ֣בֶט שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=rod|Ref=ISA_10:24!13|MId=o230100240132|Strong=7626 20-21 יַכֶּ֔כָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 יַכּ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 parataxis _ Gloss=it|Ref=ISA_10:24!14|MId=o230100240141|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:230100240122;A0:230100240142;|Type=yiqtol 21 ֶ֔כָּה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=will.strike.you|Ref=ISA_10:24!14|MId=o230100240142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22-24 וּמַטֵּ֥הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_10:24!15|MId=o230100240151|Strong=2050b 23 מַטּ מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=staff|Ref=ISA_10:24!15|MId=o230100240152|Strong=4294 24 ֵ֥הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_10:24!15|MId=o230100240153|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 25 יִשָּֽׂא־ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=it.will.lift.up|Ref=ISA_10:24!16|MId=o230100240161|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:230100240122;A1:230100240152;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 עָלֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_10:24!17|MId=o230100240171|Strong=5921 27 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_10:24!17|MId=o230100240172|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28-29 בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_10:24!18|MId=o230100240181|Strong=0871a 29 דֶ֥רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.manner|Ref=ISA_10:24!18|MId=o230100240182|Strong=1870 30 מִצְרָֽיִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=ISA_10:24!19|MId=o230100240191|Strong=4714|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=ISA_10:24!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | **not** תִּירָא *be afraid* | jussive · qal | עַמּ *my people* | | | | | יֹשֵׁב *\[which\] dwells* | participle active · qal | עַמּ *my people* | | | | | יַכּ *it* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֶכָּה *will strike you* | | | אַשּׁוּר *Assyria* | | יִשָּֽׂא־ *it will lift up* | yiqtol · qal | אַשּׁוּר *Assyria* | מַטּ *staff* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים צְבָאוֹת לָא תִדְחַל עַמִי יָתִיב צִיוֹן מֵאַתּוּרָא בְּשׁוּלְטָנֵיהּ יַמְחִינָךְ וּמַרְוָתֵיהּ יִרְמֵי עֲלָךְ כִּדְבְּאוֹרַח מִצְרָיִם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore thus saith the Lord, the GOD of hosts: O My people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of Asshur, though he smite thee with the rod, and lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.240/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:219`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 10:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.23/) - next →: [Isaiah 10:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.25/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/10/)