--- title: Isaiah 13:18 — And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall ha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children. Who acts: bows, eye. Isaiah 13:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/13/) / 13:18 # Isaiah 13:18 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** bows, eye · **What happens:** dash, have, not spare · **To what, where:** young men, pieces, pity, fruit, children This is Isaiah 13:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — bows, eye — and what happens in the verse to young men, pieces, pity, fruit, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּקְשָׁת֖וֹת נְעָרִ֣ים תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה וּפְרִי־בֶ֙טֶן֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ עַל־בָּנִ֖ים לֹֽא־תָח֥וּס עֵינָֽם׃ [And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.294/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:269 # text = וּקְשָׁת֖וֹת נְעָרִ֣ים תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה וּפְרִי־בֶ֙טֶן֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ עַל־בָּנִ֖ים לֹֽא־תָח֥וּס עֵינָֽם׃ # verse = ISA.13.18 1-2 וּקְשָׁת֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_13:18!1|MId=o230130180011|Strong=2050b 2 קְשָׁת֖וֹת קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=bows|Ref=ISA_13:18!1|MId=o230130180012|Strong=7198 3 נְעָרִ֣ים נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obj _ Gloss=youths|Ref=ISA_13:18!2|MId=o230130180021|Strong=5288 4 תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה רָטַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.dash.in.pieces|Ref=ISA_13:18!3|MId=o230130180031|Strong=7376|Frame=A0:230130180012;A1:230130180021;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 וּפְרִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=ISA_13:18!4|MId=o230130180041|Strong=2050b 6 פְרִי־ פְּרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=ISA_13:18!4|MId=o230130180042|Strong=6529 7 בֶ֙טֶן֙ בֶּטֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].womb|Ref=ISA_13:18!5|MId=o230130180051|Strong=0990 8 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_13:18!6|MId=o230130180061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 יְרַחֵ֔מוּ רָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.will.have.compassion.on|Ref=ISA_13:18!7|MId=o230130180071|Strong=7355|Frame=A0:230130170051;A1:230130180042;|Type=yiqtol 10 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_13:18!8|MId=o230130180081|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 11 בָּנִ֖ים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=children|Ref=ISA_13:18!9|MId=o230130180091|Strong=1121 12 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_13:18!10|MId=o230130180101|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13 תָח֥וּס חוּס VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.look.with.pity|Ref=ISA_13:18!11|MId=o230130180111|Strong=2347|Frame=A0:230130180121;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 עֵינָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 עֵינ עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=eye|Ref=ISA_13:18!12|MId=o230130180121|Strong=5869 15 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ISA_13:18!12|MId=o230130180122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=ISA_13:18!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּרַטַּשְׁנָה *they will dash in pieces* | yiqtol · piel | קְשָׁתוֹת *bows* | נְעָרִים *youths* | | | | **not** יְרַחֵמוּ *they will have compassion on* | yiqtol · piel | | פְרִי־ *fruit* | | | | **not** תָחוּס *it will look with pity* | yiqtol · qal | עֵינ *eye* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקַשְׁתָּתְהוֹן עוּלֵימִין יְבַזְעָן וְעַל וְלַד מָעִין לָא יְרַחֲמוּן עַל בְּנַיָא לָא תָחוֹס עֵינֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.294/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:269`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 13:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.17/) - next →: [Isaiah 13:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.19/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/13/)